磁场起源与分子场理论.doc

磁场起源与分子场理论
摘要:现代科学表明,物质的磁性来源于物质原子中的电子。我们知道,物质是由原子组成的,而原子又是由原子核和位于原子核外的电子组成的。原子核好像太阳,另外,电子除了绕着原子核公转以外,自己还有自转(叫做自旋)。在研究了原子运动的状态后,人们注意到了固体的磁性。
本文首先介绍了磁场起源及其基本特征,重点描绘了原子磁性的特点,包括自旋磁矩和洪德定则。在此基础上,着重阐述各种固体磁性的物理本质,依次介绍顺磁性,铁磁性,亚铁磁性的物理起因。其中,对铁磁性和亚铁磁性将详细解释,包括其磁化性能,性质,分类和应用。在分子场理论的研究中,列举了外斯分子场和海森柏模型,以其理论建立的过程,具体内容以及外界评价为主要内容,在前人研究基础上,提出现代科技中对以上研究内容的应用和发展前景,使得人们对固体磁性有更深刻的认识。
关键词:固体磁性;磁场起源;分子场理论
Origin of the ic Field and the Molecular Field Theory
Abstract: Modern science shows that the ism of a es from the electron in the atom.
It is generally known that all matter consist of atoms. A nucleus and the electrons whirling around it make up an atom, which makes the nucleus like the sun. Besides whirling around the nucleus, electron also revolves on its own axis which is called spin. After studying the motion status of atom, the ism of solid is noted.
This paper introduces the origin of the ic field and its basic features first, and particularly describes the characteristics of atom ism, including spin ic moment and Hund rule.
On that basis, this paper emphasizes the physical essence of ism in solid, and introduces the physical cause of ism, ism, ism in sequence among which ism and ism is interpreted in detail including their ization, quality, sort and application. In the study of molecular field theory, Weiss molecular field and Heisenberg’s Modle are listed, mainly discussing the process of their establishment, content and evaluation. On the basis of the previous researches, this paper proposes their applications and development prospects in modern science, in order to make a deeper understanding of ism in solid.
Key words: origin of the ic field; ism in solid; molecular field theory
目录
引言………………………………………………………………………1
一、磁矩…………………………………………………………………2
磁矩………………………………………………………………2
…………………………………………………2
(1)轨道磁矩、自旋磁矩和原子磁矩……………………………3
(2)洪德定则………………………………………………………4
(二)磁矩的意义………………………………………………………6
二、磁性…………………………………………………………………6
(一)顺磁性……………………………………………………………6