《语言学》复习提纲.doc

语言学复****提纲
期末考试题型介绍
基本题型:
名词解释、填空、选择、判断正误、分析问答
考试范围:
Chapter I Introduction
Chapter II Phonology
Chapter III Morphology
Chapter IV Syntax
Chapter V Semantics
Chapter VI Pragmatics
Chapter VIII Language and Society
分数比列:
名词解释(15%)
填空(35%)(其中元音与辅音的识别10%,构词法10%, 其它填空15%)
选择(20%)
判断正误(10%)
分析与问答(20%)
重要知识点
需要识记的术语:(大家可以通过合作快速整理出一个术语表)
Chapter I. Introduction:
arbitrary, creativity, duality, displacement, cultural transmission
Chapter II. Phonology
the main principles of IPA , articulatory ics, narrow transcription, broad transcription, diacritic,
Chapter III. Morpheme
Morpheme, morph, allomorph, derivational morpheme, inflectional morpheme
Chapter IV. Syntax
XP rule, phrase elements, deep structure, surface structure, transformational rule,
Chapter V. Semantics
sense, reference, major sense relations, componential analysis, predication analysis
Chapter VI. Pragmatics
locutionary act, illocutionary act, perlocutionary act, cooperation principle
Chapter VIII. Language and Society
munity, sociolect, Idiolect, diaglossia
需要理解和运用的语言研究方法;
Chapter I. Introduction
理解历时(diachromic)/共时(synchronic)语言学研究方法
Chapter IV. Syntax
运用树状结构图(tree diagram)分析句子
Chapter V. Semantics
ponential analysis)分析词汇语意
理解如何通过述谓结构分析法(predication analysis)分析句子语意
Chapter VI. Pragmatics
能够利用言语行为理论(speech act theory)分析语言现象
能够利用格莱斯的合作性原则(cooperative principle)分析会话含义(conversational implicature)
复****方法
:建议大家通过教材目录回顾这学期学****的主要内容。
:通过阅读下面的《语言学》提纲,掌握每一章节的重点内容。
:结合提纲和重要知识点,快速阅读书中每一章节。做好复****笔记的同时,每章结束后,试着列出要点,并按照逻辑进行识记。
:对于需要理解和运用的语言研究方法要在理解的基础上对相关语言现象进行分析。
《语言学》提纲
Chapter 1 Introduction: Language and Linguistics
What is language?
language can be defined as a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for munication.
Features of human language
Creativity
Language provides opportunities for sending messages that have never been sent before and for understanding brand new messages.
The grammar rules and the words are finite, but the senten