英语句子结构高一.ppt

英语的句子结构
句子的主干成分:
主语、谓语、宾语、表语
句子的次要成分:
定语、状语、补语、同位语
主语表示动作的发起者。用以下这些表示:
1. 名词;2. 代词; 3. 数词;4. 动名词;
5. 不定式; 6. 词组或复合结构;7. 从句;
A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life.
Who is speaking, please?
Two will be enough.
Smoking is very dangerous.
To see is to believe.
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
主语
谓语
The soup tastes good.
The boy is interested in playing PC games.
He practices playing the piano every day.
Record every word you hear.
He didn’t turn to me for help.
*在英语简单句中,只能有而且(一般情况下)
必须有一个谓语部分!
表示主语的动作,状态
* 一句话的标志的是谓语动词
* 一句话只有一个谓语动词
* 谓语都是动词,但动词不一定都是谓语
动词的分类
实义动词
系动词
助动词
情态动词
实义动词
及物动词(带宾语): 后面必须跟宾语意义
才完整的实义动词
I believe that the major will consider our suggestion.
不及物动词(不带宾语):本身意义完整后面
不须跟宾语的实义动词
It happened in June 1932.
Birds fly.
系动词
本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟
表语,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特
征等情况
be
keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand,
seem, appear, look,
感官系动词feel, smell, sound, taste,
prove, turn out,
e, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
助动词
构成时态, 语态,疑问句,否定句以及加强语气的动词
He has got married。
He was sent to England.
Do you like college life?
I don't like him.
e to the party tomorrow evening.
情态动词
给谓语动词增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法的动词
He must have been away. 
How dare you treat us like that!
宾语
1 宾语跟在及物动词后,有直接间接之分,
2 宾语跟在介词后
用下面表示:
1. 名词;2. 代词;3. 数词;4. 动名词;5. 不定式;
6. 复合结构;7. 从句;8. 名词化的形容词及其他词类,如: She took a good rest.
They didn’t promise him anything.
How many do you want? We need two.
Pay attention to working rades
Learn to play the piano.