医疗过错的认定研究.docx

摘要
随着我国经济的发展,医疗卫生事业随之也得到了合理改善,但医疗损害责任
案件得不到妥善解决使得医患关系日趋紧张。近年来,诸如温岭杀医案和哈医大杀
医案等杀医、伤医的案件频频发生,在这些案件当中不难发现行凶者大多为久医不
治的患者。可见,合理解决医疗损害赔偿案件是缓和医患关系的关键。2010 年开始
施行的《侵权责任法》,为医疗损害赔偿案件的处理提供了有力依据,然而医疗侵权
案件的专业性导致此类案件在认定事实、举证责任、赔偿损失等方面仍然面临着重
重难题,其中如何合理的对医疗过错进行认定成为法官解决此类问题的重中之重。
由此,本文针对解决医疗损害赔偿的关键问题——医疗过错的认定,采用判例
研究、比较研究的研究方法围绕《侵权责任法》第 55、57、58 三个条文对医疗机构
的医疗过错认定予以分析讨论,本文除引言外,由三章构成。
引言部分以李某某诉某某医院医疗过错人身损害赔偿纠纷案、8·10 湘潭产妇死
亡事件、贾某某诉某某市第二人民医院为例,提出医疗过错认定中存在的问题和难
点,进而引出医疗过错的认定研究对医疗损害赔偿案件的有效处理具有重要意义。
第一章为《侵权责任法》第 55 条——医疗机构违反说明、告知义务的过错。主
要包括,医疗机构说明、告知的义务的内容和履行对象、方式及例外情形。
第二章为《侵权责任法》第 57 条——医疗机构违反医疗水准的过错。主要包括,
医疗水准说概述、我国《侵权责任法》57 条的相关规定以及影响医疗水准判断的相
关因素。
第三章为《侵权责任法》第 58 条——推定医疗机构有过错的三种具体事由。主
要包括,推定医疗机构有过错三种事由适用的合理性及其具体适用的问题。
通过本文的分析认证,希望对医疗过错的认定进行合理阐释,从而能为我国医
疗法律体系建设的完善,尽到微薄之力。
关键词:医疗过错;认定;侵权责任法
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Abstract
With the development of economy in our country, medical treatment and public
health are improved therewith. However, because the liability of medical damage cases
cannot be solved appropriately, the relationship between doctors and patients is getting
increasingly tense. In recent years, cases of killing and hurting doctors happened
frequently, such as cases of killing doctors occurred in Wenling and Harbin Medical
University. It is not difficult to notice that assailants in these cases were mostly patients
who cannot be cured in a long time. Therefore, solving liability of medical damage cases
appropriately is the key for easing up the relationship between doctors and patients. Tort
liability law, which was implemented in 2010, provided powerful evidence for solving the
cases of the liability of medical damage. However, there are still many difficulties in terms
of identifying the truth, proving the liability, and indemnifying for damage because of the
specialty of this kind of cases. In particular, how to appropriately identify medical fault
has been the priority among the important issues for the judge to deal with this kind of
cases. Based on