居住权制度研究.docx

摘要
自上世纪八十年代我国进入社会主义市场化改革的新时期以来,住房问题已经
日益成为人们关心的焦点社会问题之一。土地本身就是稀缺性资源,住房增多,而
资源有限,居住成本就随之提高,房价的剧增给人们的居住带来了难题。在现行立
法下,仅仅依靠购买、租赁、借用等传统手段获得居住利益的做法已经远远无法满
足广大人民群众对“住有所居”的需求。只有不动产的利用途径多元化,才能满足
人们不同的社会需要。而居住权制度的出现,对于提高房屋的利用率,完善我国用
益物权体系,给予弱势群体多元化救济途径,都具有十分重要的意义。
因此,笔者立足于居住权制度产生的历史根源和法制发展过程,结合我国社会
实际,分析了相关利弊并从必要性以及可行性两个方面对我国的居住权立法进行了
论证,提出我国物权法体系应当引入居住权制度这一命题。
在具体的制度设计上,首先,结合我国物权法立法现状提出我国居住权立法的
总体设思路,既要在认真研究我国实际的基础上借鉴传统居住权制度以保障弱势群
体的生存利益,又要立足于我国社会实践和司法实践,深入发掘居住权制度对于活
跃社会主义市场经济的积极作用,创新居住权理论,其次,从体系解释和立法规则
的角度出发,探索居住权制度融入物权法体系的最佳法律路径。通过建立现代居住
权制度,解决我国物权法中对于居住权的立法空白问题,同时为建构我国的居住权
法律体系贡献一份力量。
关键词:居住权;物权;保障体系;完善制度
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万方数据
Abstract
Since the eighties of last century when our country entered a new period of socialist
market-oriented reforms, the housing problem has increasingly e one of the social
issues that the public always concern about. Because the lands are scarce resources, with
the demand of housing increasing and limited resources, the cost of living will be
increasing which lead to the high prices of houses that bring hard social problems to
people. Under the current legislation, only traditional means to gain living interests such
as purchase, lease, borrow far cannot satisfy the people’s demand for "have a house". Only
the way to diversify the use of real estate, can meet people’s different social needs. The
emergence of the right of habitation has great significance of improving the utilization of
housing, improving our usufruct legislation and giving diversified reliefs to poor people.
Therefore, based on the historical origins and legal development of the right of
habitation, combining the social reality of China, the author analyzes the advantages and
disadvantages and the necessity and feasibility of bringing the right of habitation in
Chinese legislation, proposes this thesis that the right of habitation should be introduced to
property law system in our country.
The author conceived specific plans: first of all, proposes the gen