高浓度有机废水养猪场废水处理技术的研究.docx

摘 要
f现代化的养殖技术促进了我国城市的畜禽养殖业向优质、高效发展,但另一
方面,也使畜禽养殖业脱离了种殖业,成为高度专业化生产。目前养猪场排放的大量废水,大多未经妥善回收利用与处理即直接排放,对环境造成严重的污染。I 本文对养猪场废水产生的原因、对环境的危害和其水质情况作了详细分析,并对国内外的养猪场废水处理方法进行了归纳。在此基础上,通过比较和权衡处理效果及经济合理性,并针对养猪场废水有机物浓度高、氨氮浓度高、恶臭严重的特
点,本文提出了沉淀——UAsB——脱氮——sBR处理的养猪场废水处理工艺。经
过大量实验,确定了养猪场废水厌氧消化处理过程、脱氮处理过程、SBR生化处
理过程的工艺条件。
/沉淀——uAsB——脱氮——sBR工艺试验表明:经沉淀处理可去除养猪场废水中25—30%的CODer,经UASB工艺处理可去除进水中75-85%CODcr,经脱氮处理可去除15—20%的氨氮。经SBR处理可去除85—90%的CODer,95—98%的氨氮, 最后养猪场废水经上述工艺处理后可达标排放。在SBR处理中,针对养猪场废水既要去除有机物,又要进行脱氮处理和养猪场废水中胶体物质含量较多,长时间曝气易产生过多泡沫的情况,提出了将曝气过程分为两个阶段进行,中间添加闲置阶段的工艺方法。P7
本文还研究了SBR活性污泥中的主要微生物类群,显微观察及MPN计数表明:活性污泥中微生物种类丰富,各生理类群在SBR的不同运行阶段表现不同的增殖次序,它们相互协同,可充分发挥各自降解污染物的能力,提高处理效果: 通过活性污泥中微型动物种类和数量变化的显微观察,可及时地了解处理系统的运行状态。
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关键词:养猪场废水璺譬处理 占亟蒌区氢透鎏窭(UAsB) 吹脱
间歇式活性污泥法(SBR)
ABSTRACT
The modem breeding technology on a large scale promoted the development of the poultry breeding to high quality and on the other side, it made the breeding break away from the plantation and became a highly specialized large amount of wastewater let from the farm is mostly
emitted directly without appropriate recycle and brought about a
serious pollution tO the the researching materials on piggery wastewater disposal both home and abroad and through a contrast and a consideration of the treatment results and economic rationalization and base on the
characteristic of piggery wastewater,a mothed to treat piggery wastewater was proposed,that is Deposit_UASB—Denitrogen—SBR.
nle results from experiments indicated that 25-30%COD。containted in the
piggery wastewater call be eliminated with the help of deposit,75·85%COD。,can be eliminated by the UASB,1 5-20%NH3·N Can be eliminated by the Denitrogen,85— 90%COD。and 95·98%NH3-N call be eliminated by the ,the index of NH3-N,COD。,,BOD5 in effluent are up to the standards.
nle results from observation and MPN indicated that the positions in activated sludge of SBR are abundant,the pro