高速滑行艇水下排气系统试验分析.docx

华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘 要
本文通过对船用柴油机的各种排气方式的比较和分析后认为,军用高速艇主柴油机比较理想的排气方式为水下排气。在军用高速艇上采用水下排气方式, 不仅能够有效的降低柴油机在空气中的排气噪声,而且能够比较显著的减少红外辐射,对于战斗舰艇的隐身性有很大的帮助。
/
(高速艇大多采用滑行艇艇型,对于重量和尺寸的要求非常严格,重量的增
加将会很明显的影响到艇的航速。从船的总体性能来考虑,在满足使用要求的情况下,要尽量减轻设备的重量和减少舱室的容积,因此,高速艇多采用大功率高速柴油机,其机舱布置也极为紧凑。所以/在高速滑行艇上采用水下排气方式,需要解决以下三个方面的关键问题:
1)排气背压问题。高速艇上使用的柴油机允许的排气背压都较小,因此,要想在高速艇上采
用水下排气方式,就必须选择合适的排气点,使主机的排气背压不超过允许值,
这样才不会影响主机的功率发挥。
2)艇的阻力问题。如果因为采用水下排气而使艇的阻力增加过多,将会导致艇的航速降低。 3)排气对螺旋桨的影响。如果排气被吸入到螺旋桨中,将会使螺旋桨推力下降及产生空化,使其效
率大大降低,从而使得船难以达到设计的最高航速。
作者结合实艇的使用,针对上述三个关键问题进行了一系列的试验研究, 找到了一个圆满解决这些问题的方案,为水下排气在高速滑行艇上的使用提供了宝贵的试验依据,这标志着我国在高速滑行艇上采用水下排气的研究迈出了实质性的一步。
关键词:高速艇:柴油机:水下排气:噪声;红外辐射
I
华中科技大学硕士学位论文
ABSTRACT
This pared and analyzed many types of the exhaust concluded that the best exhaust mode for the main engine of military·speedcraft is underwater exhaust advantage of underwater exhaust system is not only to reduce the noise in the air,but also to decrease the infrared radiation of the craft.
It helps the craft to escape from tracing.
Speed crafts are very strict in the weight and measurement because the crafts are almost use glider will obviously reduce the speed of the craft if the weight exceeding which ,it is requked to reduce the weight of
equipments and cubage of engines used in speed craR are
almost high—speed engine,and the engine room is very order to use
underwater exhaust system in speed crafts,it is indispensable to solve three pivotal
questions discussed as following:
1)、Exhaust back pressure
The allowable value of the exhaust back pressure of the main engines used in speed crafts is usually very is necessary to choose the right position for
exhaust outlet if we want to use underwater exhaust system in speed
guarantees the power ot main engine·
21、Resistance ofthe craft
It will reduce the speed ofthe craft ifthe resistance increased very high because ofusing underwater exhaust system.
3、、The influe