高考英语语法专题复习-代词解说.doc

代词
高考对代词的考查主要是人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词和关系代词等。设置特定的语境,对代词的数、性、格的变化进行考查仍然是高考的热点。
Ⅰ代词的分类
:主格I, we, you, he, she, it, they宾格me, us, you, him, her, it, them
:形容词性my, our, your, his, her, its, their名词性mine, ours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs
:单数myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself复数ourselves, yourselves, themselves
:each other (两者之间相互);one another (两者以上的相互)
:this, that, these, those
:who, whom, whose, which, what
:who, whom, whose, that(指人),which, that, as, whose(指物)
:all, each, either, neither, both, none, other, another, something, everything, nothing somebody, everybody, nobody someone, everyone, no one, many, much, few, less
一、人称代词
单数
复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
人称代词
主格
I
you
he,she,it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
him,her,it
us
you
them
人称代词的用法
。如:
John waited a while but eventually he went ,最后他回家了。
John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.
说明:在复合句中,如果主句和从句主语相同,代词主语要用在从句中,名词主语用在主句中。When he arrived,John went straight to the 。
,但在口语中也能作主语补语,第一人称在省略句中,还可以作主语。如:
I saw her with them;at least,I thought it was her.(第一个her作动词宾语,them作介词宾语,第二个her作表语)
—Who broke the vase?谁打碎了花瓶?—。
、宾格的替换
(1)宾格代替主格
在简短对话中,当人称代词单独使用或在not 后,多用宾语。
—I like English.。—Me too.
—Have more wine?—Not me.。
在表示比较的非正式的文体中,常用宾格代替主格。但如果比较状语的谓语保留,则主语只能用主格。
He is taller than I/me. He is taller than I am.
2)主格代替宾格
在介词but,except后,有时可用主格代替宾格。
在电话用语中常用主格。—I wish to speak to Mary.。—This is she.
注意:在动词be 或to be后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。
I thought it was 。(主格——主格)I thought it to be her.(宾格——宾格)I was taken to be 。(主格——主格)
They took me to be 。(宾格——宾格)

1)不定代词 anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone, someone, everyone,no one, 及whoever和person在正式场合使用时,可用he,his,him代替。如:Nobody came,did he?
2)动物名词的指代一般用it或they代替,有时也用he,she,带有亲切的感情色彩。如:
Give t