研究生英语(人大版第三版)u12背景知识4.ppt

研究生英语精读教程
(第三版·上)
中国人民大学出版社
Unit TwelveA Red Light for Scofflaws
对违反法律者亮红灯
About the Author
Frank Trippett: (1926—) Now senior editor of Time magazine, he has had a lifelong career in journalism. He has served as a writer and editor at such national publications as Look and Newsweek and is the author of three books: The States: United They Fall(1967), The First Horseman(1974), and Child Ellen(1975).
The main contents of each section of the article
Para. 1 Scofflaw represent the wave of the future in USA.
Para. 2 Scofflaws abound in amazing variety.
Para. 3 The dangers of scofflawry vary widely.
Para. 4 The most flagrant scofflaw of them all is the red-light.
Para. 5 When the red light es habitual, widespread and endless, can greatly harm society.
Para. 6 The scofflaw spirit is pervasive.
Para. 7 When the foundations of . law have actually been shaken, it has always been because ordinary law-abiding citizens took to skirting the law.
Para. 8 The most disquieting thing about the scofflaw spirit is its extreme infectiousness.
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para. 3-5
-8
Scofflaws abound in amazing variety and represent the wave of the future in USA.
The dangers of Scofflawry vary widely.
The Scofflaw spirit is pervasive and extreme infectiousness.
Para. 1
David Riesman
David Riesman (September 22, 1909 – May 10, 2002), was a sociologist, attorney, and educator. After graduating from Harvard Law School, where he was a member of the Harvard Law Review, Riesman clerked for Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis from 1935-1936. He also taught at the University of Buffalo Law School and at the University of Chicago.
Para. 2
Decibel(分贝dB):形容声音大小的物理量
分贝是以美国发明家亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔命名的,他因发明电话而闻名于世。因为贝尔的单位太粗略而不能充分用来描述我们对声音的感觉,因此前面加了“分”字,代表十分之一。一贝尔等于十分贝。声学领域中,分贝的定义是声源功率与基准声功率比值的对数乘以10的数值。
听觉对分贝大小感知
0 - 20分贝很静、几乎感觉不到;
20 -40 分贝安静、犹如轻声絮语;
40 -60 分贝一般、普通室内谈话;
60 -70 分贝吵闹、有损神经;
70 -90 分贝很吵、神经细胞受到破坏
90 -100 分贝吵闹加剧、听力受损;
100 -120 分贝难以忍受、呆一分钟即暂时致聋;
120分贝以上:极度聋或全聋;
300分贝左右或以上:方圆20km的人