宾语从句讲解及练习附答案.doc

宾语从句是主从复合句中最常见的从句之一。它作及物动词、介词或者某些形容词的宾语。由于宾语从句涉及到引导词、语序、时态等多方面的内容,所以宾语从句的用法一直是学****的重点难点。本文对宾语从句的用法进行了详尽讲解并附有专项练****现分述如下:

    置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。

  在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:
            连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if
            代词:who, whose, what ,which
            副词:when ,where, how, why 等。
(一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)
        1. 可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:
say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other s.
     :
(1). 宾语从句前有插入语。如:
We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us. 恰恰相反,我们希望他和我们呆在家里。
(2). 有间接宾语时。如:
He told me that he was leaving for Japan. 他告诉我他要去日本。
(3). that在与之并列的另一个宾语从句之后。如:
He said (that) the book was very interesting and that(不省略) all the children like to read ,所有小孩都喜欢读。
(4). 在“it(形式宾语)+补语”之后时。如:
I think it necessary that he should stay here. 我们认为他有必要留在这里。
(5). that从句单独回答问题时。如:
—What did he hear? 他听说了什么事?
—That Kate had passed the exam. (他听说)凯特考试及格了。
(6). 在except等介词后。如:
He has no special fault except that he smokes too ,没有什么特别的毛病。
(7). 位于句首时。如:
That our team will win, I believe. 我相信我们队会赢。
(8). 在较为正式或不常用的动词(如reply, object)后。如:
He replied that he disagreed. 他回答说他不同意。
(二)由whether,if 引导的宾语从句
    由whether(if)引导的宾语从句,实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用,但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。
,不能用if引导的宾语从句
(1)在带to的不定式前
例句:We decided whether to walk there.
(2)在介词的后面
例句:I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
(3)在动词discuss后面的宾语从句时
例句:We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week
(4)直接与or not连用时
例句:I can’t say whether or not thet e on time.

(1)if引导条件状语从句