chapter 6 language and cognition.ppt

Chapter SixLanguage and Cognition
ZHANG Mingfang
HEBUST
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1. What is Cognition?
1)Mental processes, internal mental states (such as beliefs, desires and intentions); information processing (abstraction, concretization, involving knowledge, expertise or learning)
2) Mental process or faculty of knowing, including awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgment.
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Three approaches to the study of language and cognition
The formal approach: structural patterns, including the study of morphological, syntactic, and lexical structure.
The psychological approach: language from the view of general cognitive systems ranging from perception, memory, attention, and reasoning. It also investigates language both for its formal properties and for its conceptual properties.
The conceptual approach: how language structures (processes & patterns) conceptual content.
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2. Psycholinguistics
Psychological aspects of language.
Psychological states and mental activity with the use of language.
Language acquisition; linguistic performance: producing prehending utterances or sentences
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Structural linguistics
Cognitive psychology
Anthropology
Neurosciences
Related fields
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Language acquisition (L1 / L2)
prehension
Language production
Language disorders
Language and Thought
Neurocognition
Six subjects of research
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Language Acquisition
1) Holophrastic stage
Language’s sound patterns
ic distinctions in parents’ language.
One-word stage: objects, actions, motions, routines.
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2) Two-word stage: around 18m
Child utterance
Mature speaker
Purpose
Want cookie
I want a cookie
Request
More milk
I want some more milk
Request
Joe see
I (Joe) see you
Informing
My cup
This is my cup
Warning
Mommy chair
This chair belongs to M
Warning
Big boy
I am a big boy
Bragging
Red car
That car is red
Naming
That car
That is a car
Naming
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Child utterance
Mature speaker
Purpose
No sleep
I don’t want to go to sleep
Refusal
Not tired
I am not tired
Refus