A Case Study of Organizational Stress In Elite Sport - School of Life ：一个案例研究组织应力在竞技体育学校的生活.ppt

A Case Study anizational Stress In Elite Sport
Tim Woodman And Lew Hardy
Stress
Jones (1990) defined stress as a state where some demand is placed on an individual who then needs to react to cope with the situation.
Organizational stress is then defined as stress associated with an individuals appraisal of the structure and function of anization they are in.
Organizational Stress: “work-related social psychological stress”(Shirom, 1992)
Previous Studies in Non-Sporting Areas
Previous Studies include medical professions (Flett, Biggs & Alpass, 1995), Police departments (Buunk & Verhoeven, 1991) and schools (Cox, Boot, Cox & Harrison, 1988).
No Previous study into sporting environment
Sources anizational Stress Found In These Settings
Work Load
Work Design
Job Qualifications
Performance anizational Structure
Responsibility
Authority Ambiguities
(Rogers, Li & Shani, 1987)
Previous Studies on Stress In Sport
Scanlan, Stein & Ravizza, (1991) found 5 sources of stress in Elite figure skaters:
Negative aspects petition
Negative Significant-Other Relationships
Demands/Costs of Skating
Personal Struggles
Traumatic Experiences
Previous Studies In Sport Context
Previous studies show sources of stress, which are often anizational stress issues, . family grievance.
Others may be the result anizational stress, . living with a team mate may put a strain on the relationship.
This study is an attempt to investigate the issues that anizational stress as athletes prepare for major petitions.
Subjects
16 International elite performers were selected for the study.
Only 1 of the subjects did plete the study due to time constraints.
Considerations for selection were that they were current or retired (no more than 4 years) national squad members and had been to an olympics or world championships.
Aged 17- 30, mean age , SD ±
Study Design
Interview Based
Broadly based on Carrons, 1982 model of group cohesion.
Interview Basis
Subjects were asked to discuss the