《论语》名词语法研究-汉语言文字学专业毕业论文.docx

《论语》名词语法研究
学科专业:汉语言文字学研究方向:汉语史
指导教师:喻遂生研究生:唐建立(2000123)
中文摘要
《论语》是极具代表性的先秦***典籍之一。它反映了春秋战国时期
汉语的主要特点,对后代汉语的发展有深远的影响,是我们研究上直疆
乃至汉语史的重要材料。本文运用现代汉语语法的研究成果,对《论语》名词进行了全面、系统
而深入的定量分析描写。按功能和意义相结合的标准,《论语》名词可分为七类:专有名词、个体名词、物质名词、抽象名词、集合名词、无量名词和过程名词。各类名词除具名词的共性特征外,还各有其个性特点。如专有名词没有同时出现在判断句主语和谓语位置上的情况。抽象名词经常在判断句中作谓语等。
本文对《论语》名词合成词的语法构成作了定量分析描述。文章还通过对《论语》名词“活用”现象的总结,认为名词可以在特定的语法结构中获得临时义,并非词性发生了变化。
关键词:壤论语痧名词语法 i研究,e
The study on nouns grammar of the Analects
Major:Chinese Philology Speciality:Ancient Chinese Philology
Supervisor:YuSui-sheng Author:TangJian—li
Abstract
The Analects iS one of representative pre—Qin books being handed down from anci ent reflects primary characteristiC of Chinese in ChunOiU and ZhanGuo times,and has far—reaching reflection to Chinese of modern iS a kind of important material which we research Chinese of aneient times and Chinese—history.
ThiS article roundly, systemicatly and in—depthly quantificatiOD analytically delineated nouns of the Analects through USing research production of modern Chinese with the standard of function and bining,we might classify the Analects nouns into 7 species:proper noun, indiVidual noun,mass noun,abstract noun,COllective noun,infinitude noun and
course sort of noun has characteriStiC mon and respective
characteristiC,for example proper noun will not appear subject and predicate position of verdict sentence at the same time,abstract noun usual 1Y act as predicate of verdict sentence,and SO on.
This artiCle quantification analytiCallY delineated grammar eomposing plex nouns in the Analects, and summed up “neatlY use” noun phenomenon, and CONSidered that noun may gain temporary meaning in given grammar structure, not part of speech had been changed.
Key words:the Analects Noun Grammar Research
绪论
一、汉语名词研究概述
(一)关于名词的定义。
关于名词的定义至今也没有~个统一的、完全令人满意的说法。我国第一部系统的语法学著作‘马氏文通》首先从意义的角度给名词下了定义:“凡实字以名一切事物者,日名字。”并进一步解释“事物”:“事物二字,一切毕赅矣。在天之之日月星辰,在地之河海华岳,入伦之君臣父子,物之有形者也。怪力乱