.刘恩专国际贸易理论与实务英文.ppt

国际商务:理论架构与观察视角
刘恩专

刘恩专
天津财经大学经济学院副院长,教授,博士生导师
中国国际贸易学会常务理事
中国世界经济学会常务理事
天津国际贸易学会副会长
天津世界经济学会副会长
全国外经贸从业人员职业资质认证专家委员会委员
内容
体系与理论框架
观察与研究的视角、方法
若干基本概念
IB
一、若干基本概念
What is International Business?
IB consists of transactions that are devised and carried out across national borders to satisfy the objectives of individuals, companies, anizations.
International Business Terminology
International business terms
Foreign business
pany (MDC)
pany (GC)
pany (IC)
pany
LO1
International Business Terminology
International Business
A business whose activities are carried out across national borders
Foreign Business
The operations of pany outside its home or domestic market
Multi-pany
anization with affiliates in many countries
Each formulates its own business strategy
Strategy based on perceived differences in markets
LO1
International Business Terminology
pany
Attempts to standardize and integrate operations worldwide in most or all functional areas
pany
pany trying to build Economies of Scale but also responds to local market needs
pany
Denotes a global or pany
LO1
Transnatonal Corporations
多种称谓:Multinational Enterprises,
Transnatonal Corporations, International Corporations,
Global Enterprises……
多种定义:
*联合国秘书处1978年定义
*1986年联合国《跨国公司行为守则》(United Nations Code of Conduct on
Transnational Corporations)定义
《跨国公司行为守则》对跨国公司的定义
在两个或两个以上的国家形成的公营、私营、或混合所有制的企业实体。
在一个决策体系下运营,通过该决策中心使企业内部协调一致的政策和共同的战略得以实现。
该企业内的各个实体通过所有权或其他方式结合在一起,共同分享知识、资源,共同分担责任。