英国文学背景background.ppt

English Literature(Romantic Period end of 18th-19th)
Part 1 Old and Medieval English Period
古英语和中世纪英语时期
Part 2 The English Renaissance
英国文艺复兴时期
Part 3 The Period of the English Bourgeoisie Revolution
英国资产阶级革命时期
Part 4 The Eighteenth Century
18世纪与古典主义英国文学
Part5 Romanticism in England
英国浪漫主义
Part6 English Critical Realism(Victorian Period)
英国批判现实主义
Part7 Prose-Writers and Poets of the Mid and Late 19th Century
19世纪中后期的散文家和诗人
Part 8 Twentieth Century English Literature
20 世纪英国文学
English Literary of Early 19th Century
Section I
The Historical Background and the Literary Trends in Early 19th-Century England
Historical Background: Economic,  Political and Ideological.
The industrial revolution in England in the second half of the 18th century, and the French Revolution of 1789-94 and the ensuing Napoleonic Wars had their strong impact upon England’s economic, political and social scenes in the first few decades of the 19th century.
The industrial revolution brought with it modern machinery and industry, industrial capitalism and the proletariats,conomic exploitation and political capitalism. Economic exploitation and political struggle between the industrial capitalists and the proletariat for the first time in English history became the major social conflict in that country.
Not only the labouring people but even some feudal aristocrats and part of the bourgeoisie in England showed their sympathy toward the French Revolution of 1789 when it first overthrew France’s age-old monarchical and aristocratic tyranny, but as the radical Jacobins came onto power, the ruling classes in England became frightened and they joined with the reactionary forces on the Continent of Europe and waged war with France till the fall of Napoleon in 1815.
In the meantime, following the workers’ disturbances in York, Nottingham and , there were in the late 1790s the revolutionary risings among the navy in 1797 and the national rising in Ireland in 1798. Then in the firs