Safety and Benefits of Food Colors.ppt

Safety and Benefitsof Food Colors
Sean Taylor, PhD
Managing Director
Verto Solutions
Joseph Borzelleca, PhD
Professor, Pharmacology & Toxicology
VCU School of Medicine
Overview of Presentation
About IACM
History of FD&C colors
Safety of FD&C colors
Colors have not been proven to cause hyperactive behavior
Colors: important ingredients
IACM’s Mission
to actively represent the interests of the color industry by demonstrating the safety of color additives, and to promote the industry's economic growth by actively participating in new color approvals and regulatory and legislative issues that affect the industry worldwide
Current Members
History of Color Additives in the US Legal Framework
Colors are food additives under 1958 Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act
All color additives require pre-market approval via color petition process
Colors listed in US Code of Federal Regulations, Part 21, Section 73 & 74
Certified & Exempt Colors
Colors can be generally divided into “certified” and “exempt from certification” categories
Certified: Testing of each batch by FDA confirms safety
“Exempt” colors: no batch testing required
Certified colors: FD&C colors
Certified Colors (21 CFR 74)
Uncertified name
Allura Red AC
Erythrosine
Brilliant Blue FCF
Indigotine
Tartrazine
Sunset Yellow FCF
Fast Green FCF
Certified color
FD&C Red No. 40
FD&C Red No. 3
FD&C Blue No. 1
FD&C Blue No. 2
FD&C Yellow No. 5
FD&C Yellow No. 6
FD&C Green No. 3
Exempt Colors (21 CFR 73)
us algae meal
Synthetic iron oxide
Fruit juice
Vegetable juice
Dried algae meal
Tagetes (Aztec marigold) meal and extract
Carrot oil
Corn endosperm oil
Paprika/oleoresin (extract)
Phaffia yeast
Riboflavin
Saffron
Titanium dioxide
Turmeric/oleoresin
Annatto extract
Astaxanthin
Dehydrated beets (beet powder)
Ultramarine blue
Canthaxanthin
Caramel
beta-Apo-8'-carotenal
beta-Carotene
Cochineal extract; carmine
Sodium copper chlorophyllin
Toasted partially defatted cooked cottonseed flour
Ferrous gluconate
Ferrous la