化学反应动力学第二章习题答案.doc

化学反应动力学
第二章习题
The first-order gas reaction SO2Cl2 ® SO2 + Cl2 has k = ´ 10-5 s-1 at 593K,
What percent of a sample of SO2Cl2 would be posed by heating at 593K for 1 hour?
How long will it take for half the SO2Cl2 to pose?
解:一级反应动力学方程为:

反应达1小时时:==%
已分解的百分数为:100%-%=%
当时,s
= 31500 s = hour
T-butyl bromide is converted into t-butyl alcohol in a solvent containing 90 percent acetone and 10 percent water. The reaction is given by
(CH3)3CBr + H2O ® (CH3)3COH + HBr
The following table gives the data for the concentration of t-utyl bromide versus time:
T(min) 0 9 18 24 40 54 72 105
(CH3)CBr (mol/L)
What is the order of the reaction?
What is the rate constant of the reaction?
What is the half-life of the reaction?
解: (1) 设反应级数为 n,则

若 n=1,则
t = 9 , t = 18
t = 24 , t = 40
t = 54 , t = 72 , t = 105

若 n=2,则
t : 9 18 24 40 54
k :
若 n=
t : 9 18 24
k :
若 n=3
t : 9 18 24
k :
反应为一级。
(2) k = min -1= ×10-4 s -1
(3)= min = 3378 s
3、已知复杂反应:
的速率方程为,推导其动力学方程。要求写出详细的推导过程。
解:设时, , ,
时, , ,
代入
得:


令α= , β= , γ=
则, 移项积分:


令,


得动力学方程:
4、已知复杂反应由下列两个基元反应组成:
求反应进行过程中,A1物种浓度与A3物种浓度间的关系。要求写出详细的推导过程。
解:速率方程:
(1)
(2)
,得:
设时, ,, 移项积分: