鼓励出口措施1.ppt

Export Promotions and Export Control
Export Promotion
Export Credit
The government of the export country authorize a special bank to provide its exporters or importers abroad with preferential loans.
2. Export Credit Guarantee System
Seller’s credit
Buyer’s credit (Tied Loan)
exporter
Exporter’s bank
Importer
Imorter’s bank
Seller’s credit
Buyer’s credit
Buyer’s credit
The exporter’s bank provide loans to the nation’s exporters.
The exporter’s bank provide loans to foreign buyers or importer bank.
Export Subsidy(出口补贴)
出口补贴是由政府对该国的出口厂商或潜在的出口厂商的直接或间接资助,旨在降低本国厂商的出口成本,鼓励扩大本国产品的出口。
Export subsidies refer to government payments and other extraordinary financial supports provided to domestic firms. These subsidies will reduce the cost of domestic manufactures and exporters so as to reduce the price of the exporting products and promote petitiveness in international market.
Direct Subsidy
Indirect Subsidy
Agreement on Subsidy and Countervailing Measures(补贴与反补贴措施协定)
三种补贴
Prohibited Subsidies(禁止性补贴)
Actionable Subsidies(可申诉补贴)
Non-actionable Subsidies(不可诉申补贴/绿色的补贴)
Subsidies linked directly to exporting are prohibited, except export subsidies used by the lowest-e developing countries. Example: A firm receives a tax break based on the amount that it exports.
Subsidies that are not linked directly to exporting but still have an impact on exports are actionable. Example: Low-priced electricity is provided to assist production by local firms in an industry, and some of this production is exported.
Some subsidies are non-actionable. These include subsidies for research and development, assistance to disadvantaged regions, and assistance in meeting environmental regulations.
4. Commodity Dumping
Commodity dumping means modity at a price lower than the normal value( or fair market value).
below cost
the sale of modity at a lower price abroad than domestically.
Seasonal dumping is the occasional sale of modity at below cost or at a lower price abroad tha