第1章原子结构.ppt

Part 1 Material structure
Main contents
Chapter 1 Atomic structure and elemental
periodic table

Chapter 2 molecular structure
 
Chapter 3 Crystal structure
 
Chapter 4 pound
Chapter 1
Atomic structure and elemental periodic table
contents
1-1 The simple history of the atomic structure
1-2 Relative atomic mass( atomic weight)
1-3 The origin and evolution of atom *
1-4 Bohr model of atom structure
1-5 The structure of hydrogen atom
1-6 Electronic configuration of atom in ground state
1-7 Elemental period system
1-8 Elemental period property
Atomic structure is that how be the atom constituted and what constitute with. From ancient times to Dalton’s Period ,the atom be seen an indivisible minimum particle which constitute any 19 century some important breakthrough in science, especially the discover of electron and radioactive plexity and level of atomic structure is just confirmed,it is be known that the atom can were broken under the certain condition and produce the other atom at the same time. Thus the theory of atom construction gradually came into being, and quickly develop 。
一、The development of the atomic conception
From ancient times to the modern, the cognition about atom for mankind reflect the thing that the science level of people is continuously increased and prehension is continuously deepening.
1、The concept of the ancient atom (atomic background )
From the ancient Greece until 17 century, people had lots of simple and philosophical cognition about atom(Conjecture ).
1—1 the simple history of the atomic structure
2、Dalton’s atomic theory
In 1808 Dalton(1766-1844) published《A new system of chemical philosophy》,in which he presented his theory of atoms:
(1) Each element is made up of tiny particles called atoms;
(2) The atoms of a given element are identical;the atoms of different elements are different in some fundamental way or ways(quantity,shape and property).
(3) pounds are formed when bine with each other. A pound