第十讲 基本句型结构.ppt

3) 祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出请求,建议或发出命令,例如: Sit down, please. 请坐。 Don't be nervous! 别紧张!4) 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪,例如: What good news it is! 多好的消息啊!(二)句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:1) 简单句(Simple Sentences):只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句,例如:She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。(主) (谓)2) pound Sentences):包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句,句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接,例如: The food was good, but he had little appetite. (主) (谓) (主)(谓) 食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。3) plex Sentences):包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由从属连词引导,例如: The film had begun when we got to the cinema. 主句从句 我们到达电影院的时候,电影已经开演了。
(三)基本句型(Basic Sentence Patterns):英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:1)主+ 动(SV)例如: I work. 我工作。2)主+ 动+ 表(SVP)例如: John is busy. 约翰忙。3)主+ 动+ 宾(SVO)例如: She studies English. 她学英语。4)主+ 动+ 宾+ 补(SVOC)例如: Time would prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的。5)主+ 动+ 间宾+ 直宾(SVOiOd)例如: My mother made me a new dress. 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
祈使句结构 
 祈使句用以表达命令,要求,请求,劝告等。1) 祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。 Take this seat. Do be careful. 否定结构: Don't move. Don't be late.2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。 Let 的反意疑问句 a. Let's 包括说话者 Let's have another try,shall we / shan't we? = Shall we have another try? b. Let us 不包括说话者 Let us have another try,will you / won't you? = Will you please let us have another try?否定结构: Let's not talk of that matter. Let us not talk of that matter
感叹句结构 
 感叹句通常有what, how引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。 what修饰名词,how 修饰形容词,副词或动词,感叹句结构主要有以下几种: 掌握它的搭配,即掌握了感叹句的重点。How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序What +名词+ 陈述语序What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序How clever a boy he is!How lovely the baby is!What noise they are making!What a clever boy he is!What wonderful ideas (we have)!What cold weather it is!感叹句的省略形式为:What a clever boy (he is)!典型例题1)___ food you've cooked! A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice
答案D. 由于How 修饰形容词,副词;what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词,因此A,B 排除。C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词,因此只有D正确,其句型为What + adj. +n. (不可数)2)___terrible weather we've been having th