浙江大学研究生免疫学英文课件Immunoregulation免疫调节.ppt

Immunoregulation
The immune response is subject to a variety of control mechanisms which serve to restore the immune system to a resting state when the response to a given antigen is no long required.
Immunoregulation
Normal
anti-infection
anti-tumour
Abnormal
Auto-immune disease
Tumour
Persisitent infection
Allergy
A. Regulation by Ag, Ab plement
B. Regulation by signaling pathways
C. Regulation by lymphocytes
D. Regulation by apoptosis
E. Regulation by neuroendocrine system
F. ic control of immune responses
A. Regulation by Ag, Ab plement
Regulation by antigen
The nature of the Ag influences the type of immune response that occurs
haride capsule Ag of bacteria: IgM response
proteins: cell-mediated and humoral immune response
anisms: CMI
soluble protein Ag: humoral immune response
HBV and HCV: Persistent immune response
2) Large doses of antigen can induce tolerance

Very large doses of TD-Ag often result in specific T- and sometimes B -cell tolerance.
TI-Ags in high doses generate tolerance in B cells.
3) The route of administration of an Ag can determine whether or not an immune response occurs
Ags administered subcutaneously or intradermally evoke an immune response, whereas those given intravenously, orally or as an aerosol may cause tolerance.