主谓一致.ppt

主谓一致
主谓一致
1 语法一致(Grammatical Concord)
(1)不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语),用单数谓语形式。如:
The work is 。
To serve the country is our 。
(2)复数的名词、代词一般接复数谓语形式。
The children are taken good care 。
They have gone to 。
(3)以“and”或“both… and”连接的并列主语,通常作复数用。
What he says and what he does do not 。
Both Tom and I are fond of 。
(4)以“and”连接的并列主语,如果指的是“同一个”人(事、物、抽象概念),作单数用。
Ham and eggs is a good 。
A cart and horse was seen in the 。
(5)以“and”连接的并列主语,“and”前、后的单数词语都有each,every,many,a,no等修饰时,仍作单数用。
Every boy and every girl enjoys equal rights 。
(6)主语由“many a+单名”或“more than one+名词”构成,接单数谓语;“a good(great)many+复名”接复数谓语。
Many a man has done his 。
A great many teachers were present at the 。
“more than two(three,…)+复名”接复数谓语。
More than one hundred students have attended the 。
(7)主语由“a/an+单名+ or two”构成,大多接单数谓语:“one or two+复名”接复数谓语。
Only a man or two is(are)。
One or two reasons were 。
(8)“a/an+单名+ and a half”主语常接单数谓语;“one and a half+复名”多接复数谓语。
A month and a half has 。
One and a half tons of coal are 。
(9)主语由短语“a kind/sort/type+名词”,谓语用单形式。
This kind of apple is 。
This kind of apples is sweet.
但kind/sort/type前有these/those修饰,同时of-词组中名词为复数,则动词用复数。
These kinds of apples are sweet.
(10)主语后接“with…”等构成的短语修饰成分时,谓语仍须与这类短语前的“主语”一致。可构成这类短语的常用的词是:with,along with,together with,as well as,but,besides,except,added to,including,like,no less than,rather than,more than等。
A woman with two children 。
I,as well as they,am ready to help 。
(11)“one of+复数名词+定语从句”的先行词如果是“复数名词”,从句的谓语用复数形式。
This is one of the best novels that have appeared this 。(关系词“that”代“novels”)
(12)为了强调“one”或者前加“this,the,the only ”等时,定语从句接单数谓语。
2 、意义一致原则(Notional Concord)
(1)有些集合名词如:“people,police,cattle(牛,牲口),folk,youth,militia,poultry”