2008年北外复语入学考试.docx

北京外国语大学2008年硕士研究生入学考试
(复语班)
一、将下列段落译为汉语(25分)
Nevertheless, instead of expanding north, the Japanese moved south. By 1937, the conflict had spread to all of eastern China and the war had begun in earnest. Anti-Japanese feeling was exacerbated by the attack by the Japanese on Chinese soldiers and civilians at the Marco Polo Bridge, next to which was a vital railway line, in July 1937. Because of its strategic importance (it was only ten miles west of Beijing), Japanese troops in northern China had been conducting manoeuvres in the area. However, on 7 July 1937, after a Japanese night manoeuvre during which the Chinese had fired some shells, a Japanese soldier went missing. In retaliation, the Japanese attacked and menced. This may rightly be designated the first battle of the Second World War.
By the end of July, Japanese soldiers had not only seized the bridge but taken control of the entire Tientsin–Peking region. The speed with which Japanese troops conquered parts of China was astounding. By 1938, Canton had ‘fallen’ and, despite notable military victories, including one in the town of Taierzhuang in southern Shantung, where 30,000 Japanese soldiers were killed by Nationalist Chinese troops, the Chinese were at a distinct disadvantage. The Japanese military was vastly superior. As late as 1940, China had only 150 military pared with the Japanese total of over 1,000. By the end of 1939, the whole of the north-eastern quarter of China was under Japanese occupation. Still, the Chinese did not surrender, forcing Japan to move still further inland, lengthening supply routes and stretching manpower to absolute limits. What followed was a war of attrition. (268 words)
 
尽管如此,日本人没有选择在中国北方扩张,而是转而南下。到1937年,冲突已经扩大到整个华东地区,战争开始升级。1937年7月,日军在卢沟桥(紧靠一条重要铁路线)袭击了中国士兵和平民,进一步加剧了中国的反日情绪。由于卢沟桥战略意义重大(位于北京西面,距北京仅有十英里),驻防中国北部的日军此前一直在这一地带进行军事演****1937年7月7日,日军举行晚间演****在演****中,中国军队发射了炮弹。之后,一名日本士兵失踪。为了报复,日军袭击中国驻军,中日战争爆发。这次战斗应该认定为二次世界大战的第一次战役。
到了七月底,日军不仅占领了卢沟桥,还控制了整个京津地区。日军侵华的推进速度令人震惊。1938年,广州