犯罪学题库.doc

;不能得到的更要珍惜;属于自己的不要放弃;已经失去的留作回忆。一、名词解释题库(要求用英文作答,每题4分,共40分)
Criminology. 古典犯罪
A school of thought based upon utilitarian功利Notion观念of free will and the greatest good for the greatest its core核心, classical criminology refers to a belief that a crime mitted after an individual weighs the pros and cons赞成与反对. The decision mit a crime is a rational清醒的decision, and is best countered抵消 through a deterrence-based system预防性系统.
Theory. 预防理论
A core principle of classical school and rational 明智的choice theories. This theory states that crime can be controlled through the use of punishments bine the proper degrees of certainty确定的事, severity苛刻, and celerity及时. Deterrence is a key element in the . justice system.
Will. 自由意志
The belief that humans are rational, and have the ability to make decisions according to each individual’s own will and purposes. Under this perspective观点, people can understand the difference between right and wrong, and can choose mit criminal acts or to follow the law. In later chapters段落章节, this view will be contrasted 对比的with views that claim that crime is a result of biological生物学的, psychological心理学的, or social forces beyond超出 an individual’s control.
Deterrence. 一般预防
General deterrence is the doctrine学说that munity or a society of people can be deterred mitting a criminal act after having w