3 - IPv6协议最近进展.pdf

IPv6 Protocol
Latest Developments
Robert M. Hinden
Chief Technologist
Nokia
1 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments”/ 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden
THE MODEL
• End-to-munication Applications
• Intelligence in Hosts
• Simple / Fast forwarding in Routers Transport
• All Services run over IP
IP
• IP runs over Everything
•’s ess based on
Link and
• Simple Powerful Architecture
• Easy to deploy new Applications Physical Layer
• Technology Evolution
2 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments”/ 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden
A VIEW OF
HISTORY
• 1970’s
• / Technology Invented
• 1980’s
• Research / mercial Service
• 1990’s
• The Web and the Everywhere
• 2000’s
• The Wireless
3 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments”/ 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden
THE NEED FOR IPv6
• The has been a great ess!
• ess creates problems
• IPv4 is running out of Global IP Addresses
• Addresses are currently being rationed
• Network Address Translation (NAT) has
extended the life of IPv4, but:
• Breaks End-to-End model
• Inhibits new applications
• Barrier to mobile munication
Mobile Phones without phone numbers?
4 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments”/ 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden
WORK ADDRESS
TRANSLATION
Users Services
Private IPv4 Public IPv4
Addressing NAT
Users Services
5 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments”/ 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden
ASIA IPv4 ADDRESS
ALLOCATIONS
• Currently Allocated *
• China ~ Million
• India ~ Million
• Thailand ~ Million
• Other Legacy Allocations (minimum)
• MIT ~17 Million
• IBM ~33 Million
• Genuity / BBN ~51 Million
• US Government ~168 Million
• UK Government ~33 Million
* March 2003
6 © NOKIA 2003 “IPv6 Protocol - Latest Developments”/ 28 March 2003 / R. Hinden
IPv4 UNICAST ADDRESS
ALLOCATION PER REGION
1,292,149,461 North America
South America
Europe
Asia
1,897,225,043