2016最新人教版八年级下册英语期末知识点总结.doc

八年级英语下册第1-----第10单元知识点总结
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、基础知识
1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?
【解析】matter/ ' mætə(r)) /;事情
What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了?
【注】: matter 和trouble 为名词, 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词,wrong 是adj. 不能加the
【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时, 与介词with连用。即:
What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?
— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.
2. I had a 。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒
have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼,肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼
3. 身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4. much too+ 形容词,意为太...... ,too much+名词,意为很多,大量。
5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地,enough放在名前后,形副后。good enough足够好,enough money=much money
6. lie down躺下, lie 躺,躺着,过去式lay;lie说谎,过去式lied
7. maybe “或许”,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be,是情态动词+be的结构,意为“可能,也许”,后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.
sound like+名词代词和从句:It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词,“听起来,好像”,The music sounds nice.
9. need 需要,实义动词need+名词,需要某物;
need to do ,主语通常是人,表示人主动的动作:You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing ,表示被动的动作:Your dirty clothes need washing.
10. get off (the bus) 下(公交车) get on 上车
11. agree 同意,赞同;
agree with sth. 同意某事如:I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意见如:I agree to LiLei.
12. trouble问题,麻烦;be in trouble遇到麻烦,make trouble 制造麻烦,have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻烦。
13. right away=right now=at once,意为马上。
14. advice [不可数名词]劝告,建议,向…征求意见, give sb. advice on ; advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
advise sb. doing sth.
【复****exercise 练****锻炼
当exercise意为“练****时,为可数名词即可加s
当exercise意为“锻炼”时,为不可数名词即不加s
16. hurt 及物动词,使……疼痛,……受伤,He hurt his leg while exercising.
不及物动词,……(部位)疼。 His leg hurt badly.
clean 【动词】打扫,clean the classroom