信息隐藏技术 第六章 数字指纹教学幻灯片.ppt

第六章数字指纹
What is digital fingerprinting
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Human fingerprint
Similar with human fingerprint
A group of special watermarks embedded into digital media data
different from each other/every one is unique;
can be used to identify any one copy;
can be used to trace pirate and traitors.
Digital fingerprinting
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Design goals
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Catch many
The goal in this design scenario is to capture as many colluders as possible, though possibly at a cost of accusing more innocent users. For this desired goal, the set of performance criteria consists of the expected fraction of colluders that are essfully captured and the expected fraction of innocent users that are falsely placed under suspicion.
数字指纹的发展历史
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英国内阁秘密文件泄密事件
1981年,英国内阁秘密文件的图片被翻印在报纸上登出。。每份副本有着不同字间距,用于确定收件人的身份信息,用这种方法查出了泄密者。
数字指纹的发展历史
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年发表的题为Fingerprinting的文章,介绍了指纹的思想和一些术语,并提出了基于假设校验的统计指纹。
1994年Benny Chor,Amos Fiat,Moni Naor发表文章“Tracing traitors”。文中提出了三种方案来对抗多个不诚实用户的合谋攻击,其思想成为后来许多抗合谋数字指纹方案的基础。
数字指纹的发展历史
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C. Boneh和H. Shaw于1995年提出了一个清晰的抗合谋攻击的编码方案,称为C-安全编码(C-secure code)的数字指纹经典方案。该方案对嵌入条件作了假设,其编码方法与使用的数据嵌入算法无关。
随后出现了用于叛逆者跟踪和数字取证的数字指纹技术,并得到了广泛的研究。
非对称指纹,匿名指纹;汉明码,BIBD,高斯分布指纹,Micosoft Research: a dual watermark-fingerprint.
数字指纹的主要问题
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Works well without any attack
mon watermark attacks/single-copy attacks
Multi-copy attacks/Collusion attacks
Colluders use their copies to produce a new copy employing various ways. They decrease the risk of being captured from the new copy possibly.
合谋攻击/共谋攻击。