拉丝机后面.doc

绕线式异步电动机的串级调速
作者:屈国辉
摘要:本设计主要利用电力拖动控制设计出可靠安全且容易操作和维修。主要介绍了机械和工艺对电器控制线路的要求,以及怎么设计出来的控制线路满足生产的要求,达到简单经济。在设计电力拖动自动控制系统时,一般包括两部分内容,一是确定拖动方案和选择电动机,前者主要解决的是采用交流拖动方案还是直流拖动方案,后者主要解决的是选择电动机容量等问题。
根据电机学由异步电机转速公式n=60f1/Þ×(1-sp)可知异步电机的调速方法有改变定子频率、磁极对数和转差率等,而对于绕线式异步电机我们一般都采用的是改变转差率进行调速,而改变转差率实现异步电动机的调速方法有一:在绕线式异步电机的转子中串入不同的电阻实现电力拖动的速度调节,但这中方法存在着以下缺点:1)他是通过增大转子回路电阻来降低转速,当电机负载转矩恒定时,转速越低转差功率越大,这种方法是通过增大转差功率来降低转速的,但所增加的转差功率全部被转化为热量消耗掉了,这种调速方法效率岁调速的范围增大而降低。2)调速时电机理想空载转速不变。只能在额定转速以下调节,调速时机械特性变软,降低了静态调速精度,3)由于转子回来附加电阻的档数有限,无法实行无级调速,调速范围小。二:串级调速,串级调速是通过绕线式异步电动机的转子回路引入附加电势而产生的。它属于变转差率来实现串级调速的。与转子串电阻的方式不同,串级调速可以将异步电动机的功率加以应用(回馈电网或是转化为机械能送回到电动机轴上),因此效率高。它能实现无级平滑调速,低速时机械特性也比较硬。特别是晶闸管低同步串级调速系统,技术难度小,性能比较完善,因而获得了广泛的应用。
关键词:异步电动机串级调速原理基本类型
 Abstract:The design of the main drag to control the use of electricity to design safe and reliable operation and maintenance easy. Introduces the process of mechanical and electrical control circuit, as well as how the control circuit designed to meet the requirements of the production to a simple economic. Automatic control in the design of electric drive system, prises two parts, first drag the program to identify and select the motor, which is used mainly to solve the exchange program or drag drag DC program, which is the main solution is to choose electric machine capacity and so on.
According to the study by the electric induction motor speed formula n = 60f1 / Þ × (1-sp) induction motor can see the speed control methods have to change the frequency of the stator, on the pole and a few slip, and so on, but for the winding - We induction motors generally used is to change the slip for governor, and change the slip of the induction motor to achieve a speed control methods: the wound-rotor induction motor in the string into a different resistance to realize the power delay Adjust the speed of the move, but there is method in the following ings: 1) he is through loop increased resistance to reduce the rotor speed, when the motor torque constant load,