动名词与不定式.doc

1) 动名词与不定式的区别:
动名词表达的是: 状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的
不定式表达的是: 目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的
2) 接不定式或动名词,意义相同。
3) 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组:
stop to do
stop doing
forget to do
forget doing
remember to do
remember doing
cease to do
cease doing
try to do
try doing
go on to do
go on doing
afraid to do
afraid doing
interested to do
interested doing
mean to do
mean doing
regret to do
regret doing
begin/start to do
begin/start doing
 特殊词精讲
stop doing/to do
stop to do 停止,中断做某事后去做另一件事。
stop doing 停止做某事。
They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来,抽了根烟。
I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟了。典型例题
She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___ on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
答案:C。由题意可知,她到了山顶,停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此,应选择"stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事"。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止,所以stop doing 。
stop doing/to do

forget doing/to do
forget to do 忘记要去做某事。(未做)
forget doing 忘记做过某事。(已做)
The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget e tomorrow. 别忘了明天来。(e动作未做)

典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh, I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,et to do sth.
et doing sth表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
try doing/t