英语句子结构分析讲解.doc

定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分:主语和谓语次要成分:表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、㈠主语(subject)句子说明的人或事物Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.(名词)Shewentoutinahurry.(代词)Fourplusfouriseight.(数词)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)Smokingisbadforhealth.(动名词)Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.(名词化的形容词)Whathehassaidistrue.(句子)找出下列句中的主语:1、Thesunrisesintheeast.          2、Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.      3、、Seeingisbelieving.     5、Toseeistobelieve.        6、Helikesdancing.    7、、Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.㈡谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?:由情态动词或助动词+动词;’(注:只有动词才可作谓语。):.(三)宾语动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语Showyourpassport,please.(名词)Shedidn'tsayanything.(代词)Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.(数词)Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.(名词化的形容词)Theyaskedtoseemypassport.(不定式)Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(动名词)Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(句子),::.(四)连系动词,其后面的成分叫作表语。