影像学在肺部感染诊断中的地位.pdf

肺部感染影像学- 361-
IMAGING OF PULMONARY INFECTION
影像学在肺部感染诊断中的地位
刘士远谢丽璇

摘要
肺部感染性疾病的发病率和病死率居各类感染之首( 1/ 4~ 1/ 3) 。如何早期诊断、降低其病死率依然是我们面
临的严峻挑战。影像学检查在肺部感染的检出、病原学的鉴别、治疗后随访等诊断步骤中占有核心的地位, 放射科医
师在熟知肺部感染影像学征象的同时, 应了解社区获得性肺炎、医院获得性肺炎和机遇性肺炎患者不同的临床背景
及病原谱, 充分利用影像学检查的优势, 为促进该病的早期诊断、提高患者生存率发挥更大的作用。

关键词
肺部感染; 放射学诊断; 社区获得性肺炎; 医院获得性肺炎; 机遇性肺炎
中图分类号: R445, R563. 1 文献标志码: B 文章编号: 1006- 5741( 2010) - 05- 0361- 05
The Role of Radiology in Diagnosis of Pulmonary Infection
LIU Sh i - yu an , XIE Li - xu an

Abstract
Pulmonary infection is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality( 1/ 4~ 1/ 3) in
infectious diseases. How to make early diagnosis in order to lower the mortality is still a continuous
challenge to health care. Imaging examination has a pivotal position not only in detection or exclusion of
pneumonia but also in classification and differential diagnosis, and is helpful for follow- up. For the ra
diologist, besides knowing well imaging appearances of the disease, it is important to understand that
community- acquired pneumonia ( CAP) , hospita1 acquired pneumonia (HAP) and opportunistic pneumo
nia(OP) arise in different populations and host different spectra of causative pathogens to make early
diagnosis and raise the survival rate of the patient.

Key words
Pulmonary infections; Radiologic diagnosis; Community acquired pneumonia; Hospital