*ells,oncentrationofCa2+ions([Ca2+]C)istightlycontrolledbyinteractionsamongtransporters,pumps,[Ca2+]Cmodulateavarietyofintracellularfunctionsrangingfrommuscularcontractiontosecretion,anddisruptionofCa2+handlingleadstocelldeath.*细胞内钙稳态调节(CalciumHomeostasisinCell细胞内钙超载(calciumoverloadincell)线粒体与钙(mitochondriaandcalcium)*一、CalciumHomeostasisinCell*++domainsaremarkedwithorangeandblue,respectively.(From:Calciumsignalingandapoptosis,;304(3):445-54)**(一)钙平衡1、钙瞬变值[Ca2+]EC:1~10mM[Ca2+]C:~10μM细胞内钙:44%存于胞内钙库(肌浆网/内质网);%生理性钙瞬变值:①即细胞内钙浓度的增加,~10μM之间。②钙荧光探针(indo-1、fura-2、fluo-3AM等等)以及Aequorin(水母发光蛋白)、GFP-basedfluorescentCa2+probes(suchascameleonsandpericams)等。**(1)Ca2+进入胞液的途径(2)Ca2+离开胞液的途径*(1)Ca2+进入胞液的途径Ca2+进入胞液是顺浓度梯度的被动过程细胞外Ca2+跨膜入胞→细胞内Ca2+释放细胞内Ca2+增加主要取决于内Ca2+释放另外Ca2+还可通过Na+-Ca2+交换蛋白进入胞液
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