由索马里海盗事件引发对海盗犯罪的国际法规制的探讨.doc

论题:由索马里海盗事件引发对海盗犯罪的国际法规制的探讨目录内容摘要····································································1关键词······································································1海盗犯罪概述·························································2海盗的历史演变及定义···········································2海盗犯罪的构成要件··············································2海盗犯罪的突出特点·················································3(四)海盗犯罪的成因及危害···············································3二、海盗犯罪的现行国际法规制········································4(一)国际条约的规制···················································4(二)国际组织等主体的规制············································5三、对海盗犯罪的现行国际法规制的不足之思考·····························5对海盗概念界定的缺陷···········································5国际立法方面的缺失··············································6监督和制裁机构主体方面的缺失······································7缺乏对国家权利和责任的规定········································7四、海盗犯罪的国际法规制的完善············································7(一)完善国际立法······················································7(二)建立有效的执行机制···············································7(三)加强国际协作························································7参考文献·····································································9内容摘要:索马里海盗事件引发了人们对海盗问题的重新审视。本文拟通过对海盗问题的构成要件、特点、成因及危害的概述,进一步阐释了海盗犯罪的现行国际法规制及其存在的缺陷与不足,并最终提出对该规制的完善措施。关键词:海盗犯罪国际法规制不足完善海盗问题由来已久,原本已渐渐淡出人们的视野。然而,近年来,由于索马里海盗的猖獗,又重新为各国所重视。海盗作为一种非传统安全威胁,其危害性已经超出单纯的经济领域,而是对整个国际社会构成挑战。根据国际海事局(InternationalMaritimeBureau,IMB)的统计,2008年有记录的海盗攻击(包括得逞的攻击和未遂的攻击)达到293件。而仅2008年,索马里就发生了二十多起海盗袭击事件,他们不仅针对他国商船下手,甚至连联合国向索马里运送人道主义物资的船队也为这伙暴徒所袭击。于是,打击海盗犯罪对国际社会而言日益紧要和迫切。海盗犯罪的概述(一)海盗犯罪的历史演变及定义1、海盗的历史演变海盗在世界上是一个重要的历史文化符号。引自曾宪国;打击海盗犯罪的现行国际法机制及运作分析;[D]华东政法大学,,大约在3000年前,在地中海一带,随着海船的出现,海盗便产生了。随着新航路的开辟,世界开始成为一个整体,资本主义原始积累的发展,推动了商业贸易的飞速发展,而作为世界贸易必经之路的大海,便成为了承载巨大财富的摇篮。海盗攻击商船,抢劫财富,在世界上造成了越来越严重的影响。于是,曾经在16、17世纪横行一时的海盗,在世界各国的联合打击之下,到19世纪已经不复昔日的威风。然而,直到今天,海盗仍然是影响世界政治、经济的重要因素之一。2、海盗的定义由于法律文化的差异,各国对“海盗”所下的定义也不尽相同。而在不同国际条约中,定义仍然会有差异。目前,最被世界所接受的权威定义