推进我国生态文明建设问题研究.doc

年来,我国经济增长迅速,但经济发展很大程度上仍然是以消耗资源和破坏生态为代价的,生态问题已经严重影响到社会经济发展的质量和广大人民群众的生活、身体健康。生态文明建设是人类为实现人与自然和谐而付出的努力及其获得的积极成果,象征着人与自然关系的进步状态。中央及时提出建设生态文明的发展战略,这是总结多年来经济社会发展的经验和教训得出的正确结论,它标志着中国共产党对人类文明结构和文明进程熟悉的拓展和深化以及对中国特色社会主义建设规律熟悉的深化,对于贯彻落实科学发展观、促进和谐社会与和谐世界建设具有重大现实意义。5万方数据万方数据目录一、生态文明建设的历史背景·········································1(一)生态文明的基本内容与主要特征······························11、生态文明的自然属性与自然规律性·······························22、生态文明的社会和谐与社会公平性·······························33、生态文明发展的基础与发展可持续性·····························34、生态文明统一整体性与变化多样性·······························45、生态文明的开放性与系统的循环性·······························46、生态文明的伦理性与社会文化性··································5(二)马克思和恩格斯充分肯定了自然界对人类的重要性·······5(三)生态文明是建立社会可持续发展的基础·····················6二、加强我国生态文明建设的重大意义······························8(一)加强生态文明建设,体现了中国共产党执政理念的创新·········································································8(二)加强生态文明建设是党执政为民、取信于民的体现·····10(三)生态文明是中国特色社会主义建设不可缺少的组成部分·······································································12三、当前我国生态文明建设存在的主要问题与原因··············13(一)当前我国生态文明建设中存在的主要问题·················131、人均资源拥有量相对不足·········································132、天然林逐步减少,功能也明显弱化·····························141万方数据3、草原面积逐步退化,功能减弱···································154、水资源比较短缺,污染严重······································165、近些年空气污染逐步呈增强趋势································176、土地质量下降,耕种面积减少···································18(二)生态环境被破坏的主要原因··································181、社会人口的不断增加对自然环境的压力增强··················182、社会经济增长方式不科学·········································193、生态监测能力与监督管理机制较低下···························204、人们保护生态的意识不够强······································20四、西方发达国家推进生态文明建设的经验与启示··············21(一)西方发达国家推进生态文明建设的经验···················211、从很多生态环境保护好的国家来看,严格的立法是生态文明建设的基石······················································212、政府全力推动生态文明建设······································233、政府制定相关的政策···············································244、政府加强统筹的管理············································