基于USB和FPGA的高速数据采集系统设计(可复制论文).pdf

摘要
摘要
随着数据采集与处理系统在现代军事及科学研究中的重要地位日益突出,人们对
于数据采集处理设备的要求也不断提高。在信号测量、图像处理、音频信号处理等一
些高速、高精度的测量中,都需要进行高性能的数据采集与处理。
本文主要对高速数据采集与处理系统中的高速 A/D 转换模块和 FPGA 信号处理
模块以及 USB 通信模块进行了研究。首先介绍了数据采集与处理系统的发展趋势,
得出采用 FPGA 加 USB 实现高速数据采集与处理系统的可行性和必要性。然后介绍
了采样定理和功率谱估计理论——平均周期图算法,并给出了相应的仿真结果,说明
系统方案的可行性及实用性。接着结合具体的课题要求,给出了系统硬件设计方案和
软件设计方案。在此基础上,介绍了 ADC 采样单元、基于 FPGA 的数据处理单元和
USB 通信模块的具体设计。其中,采样单元的核心芯片是 AD9461,本文对其具体电
路设计作了详细说明;数据处理单元采用 FPGA,增加系统设计的灵活性,介绍了 FFT
模块、USB 控制模块的具体实现;接着,对 USB 通信模块的设计进行了详细地介绍。
最后,对整个系统进行了测试,测试结果表明,本设计能正常工作,满足系统设计要
求。
关键词:数据采集,通用串行总线,可编程门阵列,周期图法,快速傅立叶变换。
I
Abstract
Abstract
Data acquisition plays a more and more important role in modern industry and
scientific research. According to it, the requirements of data acquisition device get highly
improved. High-performance data acquisition is needed in some high speed and high
precision measurements when signal measurements, image manipulation and audio
frequency signal process are taken. In current, high-speed acquisition modules are mostly
based on PCI bus or ISA bus. But they have obvious disadvantages such as not easy to fix,
high cost and especially they are restricted to the slot number, address and interrupt
resources.
In this paper, high-speed ADC module and signal processing module based on FPGA
munication module based on USB are researched. At first, the development trend
of data acquisition and processing system is introduced, and the feasibility and necessity of
high-speed data acquisition and processing system based on FPGA and USB is illuminated.
Secondly, the basic theoretic in signal processing, such as sample theory and the power
spectrum estimation theory – the average cycle graph algorithm are discussed. Then the
problems of system arithmetic, sample rate, and so on, are particularly introduced so the
system scheme which was verified can be put forward. Based on these elements, the
material design of high-speed data acquisition and processing s