化学专业英语仪器分析英文课件.pptx

IntroductionAnalyticalChemistry::identifyoffunctionalgroups,oratomic,molecularstructureofanalyte(what?)Quantitativeanalysis:amountofanalyte(howmuch?)2定性分析Qualitativeanalysis物质的组成定量分析Quantitativeanalysis成分的含量结构分析Structureanalysis物质的结构DNA测序(DNASequencing)形态分析Speciesanalysis物质的形态能态分析Energy-stateanalysis物质的能态分析方法的分类Classicalmethods(Chemicalanalysis)Qualitativeanalysis:AnalytesProductsrecognizedyieldtreatedwithreagentsColorsBoiling(melting)pointsSolubilitiesOdorsOpticalactivitiesRefractiveindexesQuantitativeanalysis:gravimetric;titrimetricInstrumentalmethods(Instrumentalanalysis)Earlyin20thcenturyMeasurementsofphysical(chemical)propertiesofanalytes:-conductivity;electrodepotential;lightabsorption(emission);mass-to-chargeratio;fluorescenceHighlyefficientchromatographicandelectrophoretictechniquesreplacedDistillation,extraction,(spectrometry);ElectrochemicalAnalysis;Chromatography……………。Themethodisgenerallyreferredtoasvolumetricanalysisandconsistsoftitratingtheunknownsolutionwithoneofknownconcentration(astandardsolution).Generalprinciplesofvolumetricanalysis这个方法一般称为容量分析,由已知浓度(标准溶液)的溶液滴定未知浓度的溶液。Bytitration,,你可以准确测定需要多少试剂可完成实验溶液的完全反应。pletionofthereactionisindicatedbyasudden,,反应体系里完全完成的反应有一个可见的,突然的变化来预示;而这与试剂溶液及反应溶液中的反应物之间的摩尔或当量之化学计量关系是吻合的。plete----称为终点。Thenormalityofanacidorbaseofunknownconcent