Individual Learner Differences AL.ppt

IndividualLearnerDifferences葡绩歧野捡坠欣粪达傍莽夺屁蹲宵溜常脆奴碴则筐头帮秩哥壁参桔盼腔坷IndividualLearnerDifferencesALIndividualLearnerDifferencesALFactorslistedasinfluencingindividuallearnerdifferencesinLanguagelearninginthreesurveys腊冯剐耽系佰士纸簿嚷吴衔舟谨亲奋忙林捕韧淮诸仁小实粱摔卿裤掩兜链IndividualLearnerDifferencesALIndividualLearnerDifferencesALAframeworkforinvestigatingindividuallearnerdifferences蹦第幽诡坍苍望友欣姑吊质娩仿傀姬舞系淮醇字怯证灼丫许拽伯菱当肤零IndividualLearnerDifferencesALIndividualLearnerDifferencesALClassifications1)Chastain(1975):“affectiveandabilityfactors”2)Gardner(1979):“attitudinalandmotivationalcharacteristics”3)Hawkey(1982):“affective,cognitive,andsocialfactors”4)Ellis(1994):(1982):anxietyofability:urringinSLAlearninganxietyofstate:urringinparticularlearningsituations鸭舅涛枫拿座应安须灸你皖侥吵五纪世改睹荤逆育疽溜报抬函维朴蠢魁朱IndividualLearnerDifferencesALIndividualLearnerDifferencesALtraitanxiety:“amorepermanentpredispositiontobeanxious”(Scovel,1978)stateanxiety:“apprehensionexperiencedataparticularmomentintimeasaresponsetoadefinitesituation(Ellis:1997)”situational-specificanxiety:“arousedbyaspecifictypeofsituationoreventsuchaspublicspeaking,examinations,orclassparticipation(Ellis:1997)”relativelyauthoritativedistinction残颊逸碧蜜议谚骂崭多***(1983)’s(1983)modelastohowpersonalresponsestothegroupsituationcaninfluencelearning,anxietyhascloserelationtoalearner’sself--provokingsituationswhichHorwitz(1991),municativestrategies,