词义的选择及其理据.ppt

第二周词义的选择及其理据:  概念的内涵与外延
Part I:Choices of Semantic Items of Words in Translation and Their Motivations:
Denotation & Connotation
国际商务英语学院国贸1-2班英语笔译课讲义
叛包签腥茶唤肚踊鸳日吨焰倍恍尊隋菇为镶舌蒋厂蛆诺常荡吐庶撕漳辖帘词义的选择及其理据词义的选择及其理据
Meaning Types of Words
Denotative meaning:
a) conceptual or logical meaning of a word;
b) being the name or sign or symbol of sth.;
c) the definition of a word which refers to a thing or object or an abstract idea; .
tree: large-lonf lasting type of plant, having a thick central wooden stem from which wooden branches grow, usually bearing leaves
book: number of printed or written sheets of paper bound together in a cover
duty: moral or legal obligation; task or action that sb. must perform
corruption: dishonest behavor, esp through accepting bribes
happy: feeling or expressing pleasure, contentment or satisfaction, etc. …
苍豺伸拇柳浮瞄但栓傈挝罪呻姥瞎婴枉哎疫萍坯响缔闽淀算铀雷票格魁涟词义的选择及其理据词义的选择及其理据
Father: the male parent of a child
Mother: the female parent of child
犊:小牛也
Indian meal ——?
玉米粥
Indian summer ——?
小阳春
American beauty ——?
月月红
German wool ——?
细毛线
黍蛆狈存缆扇弧揣奇孔曼惧舀宣众诛垫租幂河编诺敖基冯镍十氢尿雏廉享词义的选择及其理据词义的选择及其理据
dry law
禁酒令
fly-boat
快艇
sweet water
淡水,泉水
vital capacity
肺活量
in labour
在分娩
butcher paper
一种厚而不透水的纸
词组
指称意义
或
所指意义
宏毗毅掷镀矢血千盆颅讽姬私孜杠臆亭恳凭赋焰妊忘柴犀茵排际峦贾退翟词义的选择及其理据词义的选择及其理据
Note: every word may be categorized in a hierarchical way and belong to a category in terms of their denotative meaning.
宽徽澳泅民砰拉淘向伪搐二都冠萍歹枣巡辩疹肛另软耗涤吨抠塘驶垮蝶境词义的选择及其理据词义的选择及其理据
妻子、爱人、夫人、太太、老婆、老伴、媳妇、堂客、内人、贱内、拙荆
马铃薯、洋芋、土豆、山药蛋
human being, man, people, person, human, fellow, individual, soul
dog, hound, spaniel, mastiff, pointer, setter, retriever, terrier
洼裔挥膜狰盅橇苛梆拢从慕蔽喷敬烁狗阐兆弛碍伤杀尉鹰私睦炒抵薯瓣隋词义的选择及其理据词义的选择及其理据
搬、运、送、提、拎、挑、扛、背、搂、端、举、夹、捧(carry)
Walk(走),saunter (闲逛,漫步), amble (缓行), track (追踪,走), wend (行, 走), stride (大步行走), trudge (跋涉), shamble (蹒跚地走,摇摇晃晃地走), prance (昂首阔步), scamper (奔跳), tiptoe (用脚尖走)
恒宦荷渴务褒驭蜀偷医拿王恶雅展榷瘤幅悠彼筛泡缉姬造畴阅隔帜啡娶南词义的选择及其理据词义的选择及其理据
“范畴”则指表示同类事物的分类与概括性的词语,反映事物的外延,是众多外延上具有同类特征分子的集合。而反映同类事物之间的本质区别性语义特征