英语语法(名词复数).doc

复数形式变化(规则)“-s”,如:desk-desks课桌map-maps地图pair-pairs对、双tree-trees树<><><>,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词尾加“-es”,如:class-classes班级brush-brushes刷子watch-watches手表box-boxes盒子<><><>“元音字母+y”结尾时,加“-s”;以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,变y为i,再加“-es”,如:boy-boys男孩party-parties政党factory-factories工厂<><><>“辅音字母+o”结尾的词,多数在词尾加“-es”,如:potato-potatoes土豆tomato-tomatoes西红柿radio-radios收音机zoo-zoos动物园<><><>-f,-fe结尾时,一般先把-f,-fe变为v,再加-es,如:life-lives生命half-halves半leaf-leaves树叶knife-knives刀其它名词复数的规则变化 1)以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数: 如: twoMarys theHenrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较:层楼:storey---storeys story---stories2)以o结尾的名词,变复数时: ,如:photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos; ,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes ,如:zero---zeros/zeroes 3)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时: ,如:belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs; ,fe加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; ,如: handkerchief: handkerchiefs/handkerchieves名词复数的不规则变化1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意:与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women。如:anEnglishman,,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是theBowmans。2)单复同形如: deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese li,jin,yuan,twoli,threemu,fourjin 但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:adollar,twodollars; ameter,twometers 3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。如:people police cattle等本身就是复数,不能说a