英语词汇学复习资料.doc

英语词汇学复****资料《英语词汇学》(词汇学)isabranchoflinguistics(语言学).)Morphology(构词学)2)Semantics(语义学)3)Stylistics(语体学)4)Etymology(词源学))Diachronicapproach:历时语言学2)Synchronicapproach:——(任意的)andconventional(约定的,俗称的).&formThesoundshouldbesimilarto/consistentwiththeform,buttherearesomeillogical不合逻辑的andirregularity不规则的1)influencedbyRomans2)Pronunciationchanged3)earlyscribes(抄写员)4)——Notonlycanitrefertothetotalnumberofthewordsinalanguage, basicfull/content实义词native/Anglo-Saxonwordsfrequencynotionorigin nonbasic/vocabularyfunctional/empty功能词borrowed/loan(1)Thecharacteristicsofbasicwordstock–(稳定性)Productivity(多产性)Polysemy(一词多义)Collocability(可搭配性)neutralinstyle(中立性)(2)Twofeatureofnativewordsfrequentinuse据现代语言学家的统计,英语中目前所占本族词的数量有多少?50,000to60,000他们的来源是(Anglo_Saxontongue)(3)什么叫borrowedwords?1))ItisestimatedthatEnglishborrowingsconstitute80percentofthemodernEnglishvocabulary3)%-Europeanlanguagefamily(印欧语系)——Germanic(日耳曼语系), 1)OldEnglish(450-1150)(居住)EnglandwereCelts,thelanguagewasCeltic(凯尔特语).(拉丁语)oftheRomanLegions(罗马军队).Romaninvasion→Anglo-Saxon三个事件TheintroductionofChristianity→拉丁文的涌入Vikinginvasion(北欧海盗)andScandinavian斯堪的纳维亚语传入2)MiddleEnglish(1150-1500) TheNormanConqueststartedacontinualflowofFrenchwordsintoEnglish——?French,Latin,EnglishinMiddleEnglishperiodeasel,port,freight,出现于英语发