初中,高中英语语法,动名词用法详细讲解.ppt

V-ing形式
一. 含义
动词的-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种形式,不能单独充当谓语。
二. 构成
: 动词原形+-ing
:
①一般情况,直接+ing;
②以不发音的e结尾,去e+ing;
③以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写这个辅音字母再加ing;
④以ie结尾,变ie为y,+ing,例:die,dying;lie,lying.
关键词:含义构成特征分类成分用法形式运用

-ing形式具有名词、形容词和副词等词的特点.
2. 动词的-ing形式由动词变来,所以保留了动词的某些特征,如它可以有自己的宾语,状语等.
He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.

:动词的-ing 形式相当于名词在句中的用法.
:具有动词的特征,可以表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作.
小结:doing 为非谓语动词,由do原形+ing 构成,不能单独充当谓语,可以充当 2. 宾语 4. 定语 。
doing
现在分词
动名词
具有名词,动词的特性
具有adj.,
成分
形式
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
×
×
×
×
做主语和宾语的肯定是_________;
做状语和宾补的肯定是__________。
Examples:
1)Seeing is believing.
(动名词做主语和宾语)
2)Be careful while crossing the street.
(现在分词做时间状语)
3)I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
(现在分词做宾语补足语)
动名词
现在分词

例句呈现:
then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
2. Spending money on himself or leading fortable life also means very little to him.
dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.
五. 用法:
小结:
:
单个的动词-ing形式作主语,谓语动词用单数。
:
1)doing 作主语句型: Doing …. + V + O
2)但有些含有动名词的句型,为避免句子主语太长,通常用it作形式主语,-ing形式作真正的主语。下面列举几种最常见的句型:
Eg. It’s no use crying over spilt (倾倒出)milk.
① It +be +no good /use doing…做…无益/无用
It’s a waste of time thinking hard about the past.
②It +be +a waste of time doing…做…是浪费时间
The book is worth reading.
③It +be +worth doing …做…值得
There is no harm in doing so.
④There +be +no +n. +in +doing …做…没有…
2. 作宾语(动词宾语和介词宾语)
He finished reading the book yesterday.
I enjoy learning English. (动词宾语)
I am fond of watching TV.(介词宾语)
动词+宾语
①只接doing
②只接to do
③doing和to do皆可,意义
区别很大
④doing和to do皆可,意义
区别不大