音标学习笔记.docx

音标学****笔记英文音标(48个)英文音标包括20个元音和28个辅音。元音(20个)元音发音是气体从身体里出来没有受到口腔和鼻腔的阻碍。另外元音发音声带一定会震动。单元音(5对10个+2个独立)舌头在口腔的位置单元音(有冒号的叫长元音,没有冒号的叫短元音)前元音i:i(I)eæ中元音ʌə:(З:)ə后元音u:u(ʊ)ɔ:ɔ(ɒ)a:[i:]定义:舌抵下齿,双唇扁平作微笑状,发“一”之长音。举例如下:ee:threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekbee蜜蜂;ea:eateastteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanpleaseleaf;e:hesheme;ie:piece;ei:receiveceiling;ey:key。[i]或[I]定义:舌抵下齿,双唇扁平分开,牙床近于全舌,发短促之“一”音。举例如下:i:sitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmissgiveliveshiplisten;y:mythmanytwentyhappydictionarystudy;ey:money;e:defectdecidedelicious。[æ]定义:双唇扁平,舌前微升,舌尖顶下齿,牙床开(嘴张开90度),软鄂升起,唇自然开放。举例如下:a:baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallmancatcapappleat。[e]定义:舌近硬鄂,舌尖顶下齿,牙床半开半合(嘴张开45度),作微笑状。举例如下:ea:headbreadpleasure;e:elephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyestestrestbeggetletfriendbelllegeggpen;a:manyany。[ɑ:]定义:双唇张而不圆,牙床大开,舌后微升,舌尖向后升缩微离下齿,发“阿”之长音。举例如下:ar:carfarmcardarmgardenparkfardarkstarhard;a:fastclasslastglassplantauntcalmpass。[ʌ]定义:双唇平放,牙床半开,舌尖抵住下龈,舌后微微升起,发短促之“阿”音。举例如下:u:usupsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbusunderbut;emotherdosebrotherloveabove;ou:troubleroughflourishtouch;oo:bloodflood。[ə:]或[З:]定义:舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之长音。举例如下:ir:girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdbirthdaydirt;ur:turnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerpurse;ear:learnearnearthheardearly;er:termhernerdserve;or:workwormworkerworldword。[ə]定义:舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之短音。er:teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowdersuger;or:doctoractormayorauthortractor;ou:deliciousgraciousfamous;ea:pleasure;?ar:familiarcollardollar;o:togethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrolpolitewomanpolicecolorlesson;a:ountagoelephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinapanda;e:menlisten;u:famulus;re:picture;ur:Saturday。[u:]定义:双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发“屋”之长音。举例如下:oo:foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothschoolzoocoolshoot;o:shoedotwowho;u:truetruthbluefullprudesuitrulerfruit;ou:you。?[u]或[ʊ]定义:双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发短促之“屋”音。举例如下:oo:lookgoodfootbookwoodcooktook;ou:shouldcould;u:putfullbullpullpush;o:womanwolf。[ɔ:]定义:双唇界于开闭、圆唇