小学英语知识点归纳总结.doc

现在进行时表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now,listen,look等词连用,结构是主语+be动词(am,is,are)+动词ing。如:Itisrainingnow。外面正在下雨。Look!Thechildrenarehavingarunningracenow。看!孩子们正在赛跑。问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not。 2 一般现在时表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often,usually,sometimes,always,everyday(weekyear…)onSundays等词连用。如:WehaveanEnglishlessoneveryday。我们每天都要上英语课。Dotheboysrunfasterthanthegirls?Yes,theydo。男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的。问句借助于do,does否定句借助于don’t,doesn’t,后面动词一定要还原。 3 一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与justnow,amomentago,…ago,yesterday,last(week,month,year,Monday,weekend),thismorning等词连用。结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was,were)或主语+动词的过去式。注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。如:Myearphoneswereonthegroundjustnow。我的耳机刚刚还在呢。Wherewereyoulastweek?Iwasatacamp。你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了。Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Ivisitedafarm。你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。 4 一般将来时表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow,nextweek(year,Tuesday…),thisweek(weekend,evening,afternoon,…)today等词连用。结构是主语+be(am,is,are)goingto+动原或主语+will+动原。如:Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?ic。你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。Thechildrearegoingtohaveasportsmeetingnextweek。孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。Tomwill/isgoingtoseeaplaywithhisfatherthisevening。Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。问句将be动词或will移前;否定句在be动词或will后加not。 5 情态动词can,can’t,should,shouldn’t,must,may后一定加动词原形。如:Thegirlcan’tswim,buthecanskate。女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰。Don’ttalkinclass,youshouldlistentotheteachercarefully。不要再课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲。 6 祈使句肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。如:Opentheboxforme,please。请为我打开盒子。LiuTao!Pleasegetupearliertomorrow。刘涛,明天请早点起床!Don’twalkonthegrass!不要在草地上走!Helen!Don’tclimbthetree,please。海伦!不要爬树。 7 go的用法去干嘛用go+动词ing如:goswimming;gofishing;goskating;gocamping; 8 比较than前用比较级;as…as之间用原级。如:Mymotheristwoyearsyoungerthanmyfather。我妈比我爸年轻两岁。LiuTaojumpsasfarasBen。刘涛跳得和本一样远。 9 喜欢做某事用like+动词ing或like+to+动原。如:SuYanglikesgrowingflowers。苏阳喜欢种花。ThechildrenliketoplaywithlanternsatSpringFestival。孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。 10 想要做某事用wouldlike+to+动原或want+to+动原。例:I’dliketovisittheHistoryMuseum。=IwanttovisittheHistoryMuseum。 11 some用于肯定句中,在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用。如:CanIhavesomewritingpaper?Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice? 12 代词人称代词主格做主语用一