语言学教程 我的复习.doc

语言学概论Chapter:Invitationtolinguistics一、。Itevolveswithinspecifichistorical,socialandculturalcontents.(humanspecific)Thehistory(origin)Thebow-wowtheory模仿说(imitation)(拟声词)Thepooh-poohtheory本能说(instinct)Inthehardlifeofourprimitiveancestors,theyUtterinstinctivesoundsofpain,,-he-hotheory号子说(rhythmicgrunts)Asprimitivepeopleworkedtogether,theyproducedsomerhythmicgrunts(咕哝)-origintheory神授说(creation)Theinventiontheory人造说(invention)Theevolutionarytheory进化说(evolution).(philosopherBertrandRussell)nomatterhoweloquentlyadogmaybark,,他也不会说出他的父母很穷但是很务实的话来designfeaturesArbitrariness任意性Thereisnologicalconnectionbetweensoundsandmeaning.(Saussurefirstreferstothefactthattheformsofalinguisticsignsbearnonaturalrelationshiptotheirmeaning.),(递归性)。Languageiscreativeinanothersense,thatis,::::,asinmarriageceremonies,thesentencingofcriminals,theblessingofchildren,thenamingofashipatalaunchingceremony,