数据结构哈弗曼编码学生原创.doc

#include<>#include<>#include<>#include<>#include<>typedefstruct{//赫夫曼树的结构体 charch; intweight;//权值 intparent,lchild,rchild;}htnode,*hfmtree;typedefchar**hfmcode;voidSelect(hfmtree&HT,inta,int*p1,int*p2)//Select函数,选出HT树到a为止,权值最小且parent为0的2个节点{ inti,j,x,y; for(j=1;j<=a;++j){ if(HT[j].parent==0){ x=j; break; } } for(i=j+1;i<=a;++i){ if(HT[i].weight<HT[x].weight&&HT[i].parent==0){ x=i;//选出最小的节点} } for(j=1;j<=a;++j) { if(HT[j].parent==0&&x!=j) { y=j; break; } } for(i=j+1;i<=a;++i) { if(HT[i].weight<HT[y].weight&&HT[i].parent==0&&x!=i) { y=i;//选出次小的节点} } if(x>y){ *p1=y; *p2=x; } else { *p1=x; *p2=y; }}voidhfmcoding(hfmtree&HT,hfmcode&HC,intn)//构建赫夫曼树HT,并求出n个字符的赫夫曼编码HC{ inti,start,c,f,m,w; intp1,p2; char*cd,z; if(n<=1){ return; } m=2*n-1; HT=(hfmtree)malloc((m+1)*sizeof(htnode)); for(i=1;i<=n;++i)//初始化n个叶子结点 { printf("请输入第%d字符信息和权值:",i); scanf("%c%d",&z,&w); while(getchar()!='\n') { continue; } HT[i].ch=z; HT[i].weight=w; HT[i].parent=0; HT[i].lchild=0; HT[i].rchild=0; } for(;i<=m;++i)//初始化其余的结点 { HT[i].ch='0'; HT[i].weight=0; HT[i].parent=0; HT[i].lchild=0; HT[i].rchild=0; } for(i=n+1;i<=m;++i)//建立赫夫曼树 { Select(HT,i-1,&p1,&p2); HT[p1].parent=i;HT[p2].parent=i; HT[i].lchild=p1;HT[i].rchild=p2; HT[i].weight=HT[p1].weight+HT[p2].weight; } HC=(hfmcode)malloc((n+1)*sizeof(char*)); cd=(char*)malloc(n*sizeof(char)); cd[n-1]='\0'; for(i=1;i<=n;++i)//给