结构设计大赛计算书.doc

高跷结构设计计算书 作品名称参赛人员参赛学校专业班级指导教师设计说明································································································································5方案设计········································································································································································································································································································································································································································································,而竖向冲击荷载对结构的刚度要求高,同时要求结构能够承受一定的抗剪和抗扭能力。通过合理的设计结构,从而保证结构在行走过程中有足够的强度,刚度,稳定性。设计原则:考虑到模型的主要承载在竖直位置,所以尽可能的利用竖向支撑的4根立杆来提高模型的承载力,在立杆旁加细杆起到辅助支撑的作用,同时也可以保证模型在行走转弯过程中的抗扭,抗弯性能。,而且在平面上容易找平,我们选择三角形为主体结构框架,我们以空间刚架为主导。图1右展示了高跷结构中间位置的设计图。结构的左右两部分为对称结构。如图1右所示,3杆为T截面杆,既能满足结构的受力要求还能减轻结构的质量。1杆为截面为12X6的矩形截面杆,考虑到在动载的过程中1杆所受的弯矩较大,所以采用b=6h=12的方式以提高I值。3,4杆分别为立柱和底座。图一平面刚架架之间通过横向系斜杆连接以防止面外失稳,增强了结构的整体性。本次比赛规定的尺寸为:高度265mm、上平面长400mm宽150mm、下平面长不超过200mm宽不超过150mm。我们设计的结构的主要构件尺寸如图4所示。,它凝聚了所有的试验所得的经验。它的优点(1)从结构外形来看,我们采用梯形做主体形状,受力均匀。载方便,上宽下窄,形状渐随着高度逐渐变化。(2)针对结构的受力特点和位移情况,选择四边形子并且在柱内增加了T字形柱,成为我们结构一大特色。(3)主梁与底座之间相连时,节点通过端点延伸木条结,用胶水加固,这大大提高了斜梁的稳定性和强度。(4)主要受力柱子采用简单的立柱经济实用。受力均匀,加载方便,质量轻巧,有效利用空间。。各个节点按刚节点计算,支座为固定支座。加载时竖直静荷载为均布荷载作用在整个层面上,后以此传递。杆件计算时采用钢结构计算模式。,有三种规格:4×6mm、2×6mm、1×55mm、2×4mm。木材有顺纹与横纹之分,顺纹力学性能较好,抗拉强度达30MPa,顺纹弹性MPa。横纹力学性能则较差。在设计与制作过程中,我组充分利用竹材顺纹的拉压性能,尽量减小对木纤维的破坏。与其它材料相比,木材的延性较好,设计时做了充分的考虑。胶水根据赛题规定,502胶水用作主体结构的粘结,涂胶的质量直接影响整个结构的性能,涂胶时应做到适量、均匀。502胶水的腐蚀性较强,使用时要非常小心,且其挥发较快,涂胶之后应马上粘贴,否则粘结强度将会受到严重影响。热溶胶热熔胶用于鞋与踏板,踏板与模型的固定,根据比赛规定,如果在加载过程中有脱落视为加载失败。故研究热熔胶粘结意义重大。在试验中发现,热溶胶在模型与踏板中粘结性