Acids and Bases.ppt

-(酸的)flavoroflemonsandvinegar(esfromacids;lemonsarerichincitricacid(柠檬酸)andvinegarisadilutesolutionofaceticacid(乙酸,醋酸),andsomeofthemcan“eat”-“slimy”(粘糊糊的),,infact,(碱液)containsthebasesodiumhydroxide(NaOH)andmanyhouseholdcleaningsolutionscontainthebaseammonia(NH3).,(s)+H2SO4(aq)H2(g)+MgSO4(aq),hydrochloricacidproducescopper(II)chlorideandwaterwhenitreactswithcopper(II)oxide:CuO(s)+2HCl(aq)H2O+2CuCl(aq),NaHCO3,areabletoreactwithstomachacid,HCl,inthisway:HCl(aq)+NaHCO3(aq)CO2+H2O+NaCl(aq)Acidsundergoesareactionwithadyecalledlitmus(石蕊),suchaslitmus,,thebasesodiumhydroxidereactswithiron(III)nitratetoformtheprecipitateiron(III)hydroxide:FeNO3(aq)+3NaOH(aq)Fe(OH)3+3NaNO3(aq)-BaseNeutralizationsThepropertiesofbothacidsandbasesareremovedwhenana