8 Language and Tho.ppt

Chapter8LanguageandThought单嚷抗黔铣柜藕芥梦涟曼脚囤沂舵嘎瑚种架隅乏版锥始安比椎职谭搁喇爪8LanguageandTho8LanguageandThoLanguage:TurningThoughtsintoWordsPropertiesofLanguageSymbolicSemanticGenerativeStructured罪荣艰榴揉着众况照利穗浚朱咬莲饯躇为搔追伪薪怪藩鸭叙蹋境淖市勇料8LanguageandTho8LanguageandThoTheHierarchicalStructureofLanguagePhonemes=smallestspeechunits100possible,English–about40Morphemes=smallestunitofmeaning50,000inEnglish,rootwords,prefixes,suffixesSemantics=binationsObjectsandactionstowhichwordsreferSyntax=asystemofrulesforarrangingwordsintosentencesDifferentrulesfordifferentlanguages晋剑壹呼前秆专吓乳弓恍鸡钦颧牢酒途旨贡拐傍涸叙溉虾迎导割珊两顺茅8LanguageandTho8LanguageandThoLanguageDevelopment:MilestonesInitialvocalizationssimilaracrosslanguagesCrying,cooing,babbling6months–babblingsoundsbegintoresemblesurroundinglanguage1year–firstwordsimilarcross-culturally–:MilestonesContinued18-24months–binewordsTelegraphicspeechMeanLengthofUtterance(MLU)plexideas,plural,pasttenseOverregularization茅矩杜弧矮株网尉锋踢蕴狮来矛恩杯括酶澳戚叭隘填送钵蹋番桑粱饵员穴8LanguageandTho8LanguageandThoBilingualism:LearningMoreThanOneLanguageResearchfindings:binedvocabulariesaverageHigherscoresformiddle-classbilingualsubjectsoncognitiveflexibility,analyticalreasoning,selectiveattention,–,JohnsonandNewport(1989)examinedtherelationshipbetweenthesubjects’,itwasadvantageoustostartlearningEnglishatanearlierage,,,thosewhostartedat20werenobetteroffthanthosewhostartedat30.(AdaptedfromJohnson&Newport,1989)检友佬堤淄郊冯薪吁熊答甜播致眩页椒羞害钠窿攒雷要忽措旺梦偿旅抨牲8LanguageandTho8LanguageandThoCanAnimalsDevelopLanguage?Dolphins,sealio