高考英语语法：介词及介词短语复习专题.doc

高考英语语法:介词及介词短语复****专题介词又叫前置词,是一种虚词。:(1)简单介词,即一个介词,如about,at,in,of,since等。(2)复合介词,由两个介词组成,如asfor,asto,outof等。(3)二重介词,由两个介词搭配而成,但没有复合介词那样固定,如fromunder,frombehind,untilafter,exceptin等。(4)短语介词,由短语构成,如accordingto,becauseof,inspiteof,onbehalfof,withreferenceto等。(5)分词介词,由现在分词构成,如regarding,concerning,including等。:(1)表地点(包括动向),如about,above,across,after,along,among,around,at,before,behind,below,beneath,beside,between,beyond,by,down,from,in,into,near,off,on,over,through,throughout,to,towards,under,up,upon,with,within,without等。[注]有不少表地点的介词可表动向,除很明显的across,around,over,towards,near外,还有among,behind,beneath,between,on,to,under等。(2)表时间,about,after,around,as,at,before,behind,between,by,during,for,from,in,into,of,on,over,past,since,through,throughouttill(until),to,towards,within等。(3)表除去,如besides,but,except等。(4)表比较,如as,like,above,over等。(5)表反对,如against,with等。(6)表原因、目的,如for,with,from等。(7)表结果,如to,with,without等。(8)表手段、方式,如by,in,with等。(9)表所属,如of,with等。(10)表条件,如on,without,considering等。(11)表让步,如despite,inspiteof等。(12)表关于,如about,concerning,regarding,withregardto,asfor,asto等。(13)表对于,如to,for,over,at,with等。(14)表根据,如on,accordingto等。(15)表其他,如for(赞成),without(没有)等。一、介词的句法功能介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词