生物化学与分子生物学名词中英文对照表模板.doc

生物化学与分子生物学名词中英文对照表分子生物学adenine(A)腺嘌呤base碱基guanine(G)鸟嘌呤nudeotide核苷酸cytosine(C)胞嘧啶nucleoside核苷uracil(U)尿嘧啶thymine(T)胸腺嘧啶basepair碱基对phosphodiesterlinkage磷酸二酯键nucleosome核小体ribosome核糖体ribosomalRNA(rRNA)核糖体RNAtransferRNA(tRNA)转运RNAmessengerRNA(mRNA)binationrepairing重组修复reversetranscriptase逆转录酶integration整合ribozyme核酶DNAdependentRNApolymerase依赖DNA的RNA聚合酶codingstrand编码链templatestrand模板链coreenzyme核心酶holoenzyme全酶operon操纵子promoter启动子PribnowboxPribnow盒transactingfactor反式作用因子transcriptionalfactor转录因子sternloop茎环hairpin发夹primarytranscripts初级转录产物post-transcriptionalmodification转录后修饰hetero-nuclearRNAhnRNAsmallnuclearRNAsnRNAsplitgene断裂基因exon外显子intron内含子selfsplicing自我剪接translation翻译codon密码子initiationcodon起始密码terminationcodon终止密码code密码ribozymecycle核糖体循环adaptor转换器post-translationalprocessing翻译后加工interferon干扰素antibiotics抗生素anticodon反密码子releasingfactor释放因子wobblepairing摇摆配对degeneracy简并性signalpeptide信号肽secretoryprotein分泌性蛋白质elongationfactor延长因子streptomycin链霉素tetracycline四环素chloromycetin***霉素puromycin嘌呤霉素cycloheximide防线菌***promoter启动子lacoperon乳糖操纵子temporalspecificity时间特异性spatialspecificity空间特异性housekeepinggene管家基因constitutiveexpression组成性基因表达induction诱导repression阻遏operator操纵序列cis-actingelement顺式作用元件trans-plementaryDNA,herapy基因治疗genomicDNAlibrary基因组DNA文库signaltransduction信号转导hormone激素receptor受体secondarymessenger第二信使ligand配体guanylatebindingprotein鸟苷酸结合蛋白(G蛋白)adenylatecyclase腺苷酸环化酶proteinkinaseA蛋白激酶AcAMPresponseelement,almoduline,CaM钙调蛋白tyrosine-proteinkinase,TPK酪氨酸蛋白激酶autophosphorylation自身磷酸化proteinphosphatase蛋白磷酸酶crosstalk交联对话生物化学1章randomcoil无规卷曲threonine苏氨酸motif模体valine缬氨酸zincfinger锌指结构leucine亮氨酸chaperon分子伴侣lysine赖氨酸tertiarystructure三级结构phenylalanine苯丙氨酸domain结构域methionine蛋氨酸fibronectin纤连蛋白histine组氨酸quaternarystructure四级结构arginine精氨酸subunit亚基tyrosine酪氨酸myoglobin肌红蛋白cysteine半胱氨酸hemoglobin(Hb)血红蛋白alanine丙氨酸allostericeffect变构效应glycine甘氨酸denaturation变性serine丝氨酸renaturation复性